Protein buildup on contact lenses is a common issue arising from the natural components of your tears adhering to the lens surface. Tears contain proteins, which denature, or change shape, once they stick to the lens, forming deposits that create a hazy film over time. This accumulation reduces the lens’s performance and can lead to significant discomfort, cloudy vision, and potential irritation.
Identifying and Understanding Protein Buildup
You may experience blurred or foggy vision shortly after inserting your lenses, or notice a gritty, sandy sensation that blinking does not relieve. Soft contact lenses, particularly older hydrogel materials, are more susceptible to protein accumulation because their water-loving, porous structure readily absorbs and binds these tear components. Silicone hydrogel lenses offer better resistance, but are still prone to some buildup. In contrast, Rigid Gas Permeable (RGP) lenses have a firmer, less porous surface that attracts fewer deposits. Unmanaged buildup can also trap bacteria and allergens, increasing the risk of infection or allergic reactions.
Daily Cleaning Practices for Minor Deposits
Managing minor, daily buildup requires a disciplined cleaning regimen using an approved multipurpose solution every night. The most effective step is the mechanical “rub and rinse” technique, which physically dislodges deposits from the lens surface. Even if a solution is marketed as “no-rub,” rubbing the lens for five to ten seconds with your fingertip is recommended for superior cleaning.
To perform the rub-and-rinse, place the lens in the palm of your hand, apply a few drops of fresh solution, and gently rub both sides of the lens. Rinse the lens thoroughly with more fresh solution before placing it into the storage case. Always use fresh solution in the case nightly, and never attempt to “top off” the existing solution, as this reduces its disinfecting power.
Specialized Methods for Stubborn Protein Removal
When daily cleaning is insufficient to remove the proteins, specialized products designed to chemically break down the deposits are necessary. The two main advanced methods are enzymatic cleaners and hydrogen peroxide systems, which provide a deep, restorative clean. These methods are typically reserved for lenses worn for longer periods, such as bi-weekly or monthly lenses, rather than daily disposables.
Enzymatic Cleaners
Enzymatic cleaners contain proteolytic enzymes, such as subtilisin, that act as biological catalysts to break the chemical bonds within the denatured protein deposits. The cleaner, often a tablet that dissolves in saline or a multipurpose solution, converts the large protein molecules into smaller, water-soluble fragments that are easily rinsed away. This deep cleaning is generally performed on a weekly or bi-weekly basis to maintain lens clarity and comfort.
Hydrogen Peroxide Systems
Hydrogen peroxide systems utilize a three percent hydrogen peroxide solution to disinfect and break down proteins through an oxidation reaction. This method is highly effective and preservative-free, making it a good choice for those with sensitivities. The lens is placed in a specialized case that contains a platinum-coated disc, which serves as a neutralizer.
The neutralization process is a chemical reaction that converts the hydrogen peroxide into a safe, eye-friendly saline solution over a period of at least six hours. It is crucial to allow the full neutralization time before inserting the lenses. Inserting a lens that has not been completely neutralized will cause severe stinging, burning, and potential eye damage from the active peroxide.
Long-Term Prevention Strategies
Minimizing protein buildup over the long term involves a combination of hygiene, careful product selection, and adherence to replacement schedules. Following the prescribed replacement schedule for your lenses is important, as wearing lenses past their recommended life cycle increases deposit accumulation. Daily disposable lenses are the most effective way to prevent buildup, as they are discarded before significant deposits can form.
Proper hand hygiene requires thorough washing with a non-moisturizing soap and drying before handling lenses to prevent transferring oils and debris. Avoid contact with tap water, as it contains microorganisms and minerals that contribute to deposits. Apply cosmetics, such as eye makeup, after inserting your lenses to reduce the chance of transfer onto the lens surface.
If persistent buildup remains a problem despite meticulous care, consulting an eye care professional is the next step. They can assess your tear chemistry, recommend a different lens material that is more deposit-resistant, or suggest a care solution specifically formulated to address your individual needs.