Dog mites, specifically Sarcoptes scabiei canis, are microscopic parasites that primarily infest dogs, causing sarcoptic mange or canine scabies. While highly adapted to canine hosts, these mites can temporarily transfer to humans through close physical contact, causing skin irritation. Human infestation is typically self-limiting, as these mites cannot complete their life cycle on human skin.
Recognizing Human Infestation
Dog mites, particularly Sarcoptes scabiei canis, can transfer to humans through direct and often prolonged contact with an infested dog. This occurs when mites, which burrow into the dog’s skin, migrate to a human host. As mites cannot reproduce on human skin, any infestation is usually short-lived.
Humans often experience intensely itchy red bumps, a rash, or small red lesions. These symptoms commonly appear on areas of direct contact, such as the arms, chest, abdomen, and wrists. The itching can be severe, potentially due to an allergic reaction to the mites or their waste products. Symptoms are typically temporary and resolve once the primary source of infestation, the dog, has been treated.
Treating Mites on Humans
Since dog mites cannot reproduce on human skin, the infestation is often self-limiting. Symptoms typically resolve once the dog is treated or contact with the infested animal is avoided. For symptomatic relief, over-the-counter anti-itch creams, such as hydrocortisone, can be applied to the affected areas. Oral antihistamines may also help reduce itching. Keeping the affected skin clean and moisturized can alleviate discomfort.
Symptoms usually fade on their own within a few days to a couple of weeks. However, consult a doctor if discomfort is severe, symptoms persist despite home care, or there are signs of a secondary skin infection. A healthcare professional can confirm the diagnosis and rule out other skin conditions. For severe or persistent symptoms, a doctor might prescribe stronger topical medications to manage irritation.
Preventing Future Infestations
Preventing future infestations involves addressing the source: the infected dog. Seek veterinary consultation for diagnosis and treatment. Veterinarians may prescribe medicated shampoos, topical spot-ons, or oral medications, such as isoxazolines, selamectin, or moxidectin, which are effective against Sarcoptes scabiei mites. Treating all dogs in the household, even those not showing symptoms, is recommended to prevent re-infestation.
Environmental cleaning is important to eliminate mites that may have fallen off the dog. Wash all pet bedding, blankets, and any clothing or towels the dog has contacted in hot water and dry on high heat to kill mites and their eggs. Vacuum carpets and upholstered furniture where the dog spends time to remove lingering mites. While mites can survive off a host for a limited time, these cleaning steps help break the cycle of potential re-infestation for both pets and humans.