A stye, medically known as a hordeolum, is a common red, painful lump that forms on the edge of the eyelid. It often resembles a pimple or boil. Styes occur when a tiny oil-producing gland in an eyelash follicle or the eyelid skin becomes blocked and subsequently infected, typically by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Common symptoms include localized swelling, tenderness, eye tearing, and a scratchy sensation as if something is in the eye. While there are methods to soothe symptoms, a stye usually takes several days to a week or two to resolve completely, with true “overnight” eradication being uncommon.
Quick Soothing Measures
Applying a warm compress is a highly effective way to alleviate stye symptoms and encourage the stye to drain naturally. Soak a clean washcloth in warm (not hot) water, wring out the excess, and place it gently over the closed eyelid for 10 to 15 minutes. Repeat this process three to five times a day, rewarming the cloth as needed to maintain consistent heat. The warmth helps bring the pus to the surface, facilitating drainage and reducing discomfort.
Maintaining gentle eyelid hygiene can also support healing. You can carefully wipe away discharge with a mild soapy solution, such as diluted baby shampoo mixed with warm water. Specialized eyelid wipes are also available for this purpose. It is important to wash hands thoroughly before and after touching the eye area to prevent bacterial spread.
During the healing process, avoid actions that could worsen the stye or spread infection. Do not squeeze or attempt to pop the stye, as this can push the infection deeper or cause it to spread. Also, avoid wearing eye makeup or contact lenses until the stye has fully healed to prevent further irritation or bacterial contamination.
When Professional Care is Needed
While many styes resolve with home care, some signs indicate medical attention is needed. Consult a healthcare provider if the stye does not begin to improve within 48 hours or worsens despite home remedies. Other signs include severe pain, swelling that affects the entire eyelid, or redness and swelling extending to the cheek or other parts of the face. Vision changes, such as blurred vision, also require immediate professional evaluation.
Recurrent styes, or those accompanied by fever or chills, also suggest medical intervention. A doctor can diagnose a stye by examining the eyelid. If the stye persists or worsens, a healthcare provider might prescribe antibiotic eyedrops or an oral antibiotic. If the stye does not drain on its own, an in-office procedure may be performed to drain pus and relieve pressure.
Avoiding Future Occurrences
Preventing styes involves consistent eye hygiene. Regularly washing your hands, especially before touching your face or eyes, is a primary preventive measure. Also, clean your eyelids daily with a gentle cleanser like diluted baby shampoo or specialized eyelid wipes to remove debris and excess oils that block glands.
Proper management of eye makeup and contact lenses is important. Always remove eye makeup thoroughly before going to bed. Eye makeup products should be replaced every two to three months as they can harbor bacteria. Avoid sharing eye makeup.
For contact lens wearers, adhere strictly to cleaning and replacement schedules. Wash and dry hands completely before handling contact lenses, and use disinfecting solutions. Following these practices can reduce the risk of future stye development.