Compression socks are specialized elastic garments that apply graduated pressure to the lower limbs, with the tightest pressure concentrated around the ankle. This therapeutic design promotes venous blood flow back toward the heart, helping to reduce swelling and prevent conditions like deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The high level of tightness required for this pressure is precisely why they are inherently difficult to put on. Unlike regular socks, compression garments resist stretching significantly, making the simple act of pulling them over the foot and heel a demanding physical task.
The Standard Inside-Out Method
The most common and effective manual technique for applying these garments is the “inside-out” method, which concentrates the sock’s resistance into a smaller area. To begin, reach inside the sock until you grasp the heel pocket, then pull the upper portion down over the foot and ankle, turning the body of the sock inside out and creating a pouch. This leaves only the foot and heel portion right-side out. Slide your foot into this pouch, ensuring the heel seats perfectly into the heel pocket of the sock. Once the foot is positioned, the remaining material, which is bunched around the ankle, can be gradually rolled up the leg.
The key is to avoid pulling or snapping the material; instead, use flat palms or fingertips to smooth the fabric up the calf, reversing the inside-out section as you go. This method prevents the gathering of the entire sock’s fabric at the ankle, which would otherwise make it nearly impossible to pull up the leg.
Using Specialized Application Tools
Individuals who experience limited strength, flexibility, or grip may find manual application challenging, making specialized tools necessary. A simple yet effective aid involves using rubber gloves, such as those used for dishwashing or gardening, to improve grip on the slick fabric. These gloves provide the necessary friction to adjust the sock and smooth out wrinkles without snagging the material.
For those unable to bend or reach their feet, rigid donning devices, also known as sock aids or donners, offer a mechanical solution. These devices typically consist of a metal or plastic frame that holds the sock open and pre-stretched. The user loads the compression sock onto the frame, slides their foot into the wide opening, and then uses attached long handles or cords to pull the device and sock up the leg. More advanced aids, like the Doff N’ Donner, use a soft, water-filled ring that rolls the sock onto the leg, simplifying application.
Ensuring Proper Fit and Positioning
Even with the correct application technique, post-application checks are needed to ensure the garment is working correctly. Check that the sock is completely smooth against the skin, as any wrinkles or bunching can create localized pressure points that impede circulation. This is particularly important at the ankle and behind the knee, where creases can become constrictive.
If the process of putting the socks on remains extremely difficult, it may signal an issue with the size or compression level, despite correct technique. Compression socks should feel snug and supportive, but never painful, and should not leave deep indentations in the skin. To simplify the process, apply compression socks early in the morning when the legs have the least amount of swelling after a night of rest.