A BB is a small, spherical projectile, typically steel, propelled by airguns. While many modern BBs are steel, some older or specialized types may still contain lead. Occasionally, a BB can penetrate the skin, leading to an embedded foreign object.
When a BB becomes lodged under the skin, it requires careful attention. Understanding the appropriate steps to take and the potential consequences of leaving a BB embedded is important for proper care.
Immediate Actions and Professional Consultation
If a BB has penetrated the skin, avoid attempting self-removal. Probing or squeezing the area can push the BB deeper, cause further tissue damage, or introduce bacteria, increasing the risk of infection.
The immediate focus should be on basic first aid. Gently clean the wound with soap and water, then cover it with a sterile bandage. Promptly seek professional medical attention. A medical professional can assess the wound, determine the BB’s location, and ensure a sterile environment for any necessary procedure.
Medical Evaluation and Removal Techniques
A healthcare provider will begin with a thorough assessment of the injury, including its history and a physical examination. If the BB’s exact location is not immediately clear, imaging techniques like X-rays are commonly used. X-rays can precisely locate the metallic BB within the tissue, showing its proximity to nerves, blood vessels, or bone.
Based on the assessment, the medical professional will determine the most appropriate removal method. For BBs close to the skin’s surface, a minor incision may be made to extract the BB using surgical tools. For deeper or more complex cases, a more involved surgical procedure might be necessary. The procedure is performed under sterile conditions, often with local anesthesia. The decision to remove the BB considers its size, depth, and location.
Risks of Untreated Embedded BBs
Leaving a BB embedded under the skin can lead to various complications. A primary concern is infection, as the BB can introduce bacteria into the tissue. An infection can manifest as increased pain, redness, swelling, or pus drainage. Untreated infections can spread, potentially leading to more serious systemic issues.
Beyond infection, an embedded BB can cause inflammation and tissue damage. Depending on its location, it might press on nerves, leading to pain, numbness, or tingling, or it could damage blood vessels. Some metals, particularly lead, can release toxins over time, potentially leading to lead poisoning, although many modern BBs are steel and are considered non-toxic. There is also a risk of the BB migrating within the body.
Post-Removal Care and Healing
After a BB has been removed, proper post-procedure care is important to promote healing and prevent complications. The healthcare provider will provide specific instructions, which typically include keeping the wound clean and dry, and regularly changing any dressings.
Monitoring the wound for signs of infection, such as increasing redness, swelling, warmth, unusual discharge, or fever, is important. Pain management, such as over-the-counter pain relievers, may be recommended. Activity restrictions might be advised to allow the tissue to heal properly. Following all medical advice, including any prescribed antibiotics or follow-up appointments, helps ensure a smooth recovery.