A crossbite is a common dental misalignment where upper teeth fit inside lower teeth when the mouth is closed, unlike a typical bite where upper teeth slightly overlap lower ones. This condition can affect single teeth or groups of teeth. Orthodontic elastics are an effective method for correction. These small, specialized rubber bands work with braces or clear aligners to apply continuous, gentle forces that guide teeth into correct positions.
Understanding Crossbites and Orthodontic Elastics
Crossbites vary by location. An anterior crossbite involves front teeth, where one or more upper front teeth sit behind lower front teeth. A posterior crossbite affects back teeth, with upper back teeth biting inside lower ones. This can occur on one side (unilateral) or both sides (bilateral).
Untreated crossbites can lead to several problems. They can cause uneven wear on teeth, potentially leading to sensitivity or cavities. Jaw pain or discomfort, including temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders, can also arise. Crossbites may impact chewing efficiency, speech, and contribute to asymmetrical jaw growth or facial features over time.
Orthodontic elastics, often called rubber bands, are components of orthodontic treatment. These small, stretchy bands are made from medical-grade latex, with non-latex options available. Elastics come in various sizes, strengths, and configurations, allowing orthodontists to customize treatment. Their purpose is to apply consistent pressure to teeth and jaws, facilitating movement and alignment that braces or aligners alone might not fully achieve.
The Orthodontic Elastic Treatment Process
Correcting a crossbite with elastics begins with diagnosis and planning by an orthodontist. They assess the crossbite’s type and severity, then design a precise pattern for elastic wear tailored to individual needs. This plan dictates where and how elastics will be attached to orthodontic appliances.
Elastics connect to specific attachment points on braces or clear aligners. With braces, these points are small hooks on brackets, often on canine teeth or molars. For clear aligners, tiny buttons or attachments are bonded to teeth to serve as anchor points. The orthodontist provides detailed instructions for placement.
Elastics work by exerting continuous, gentle forces that gradually move teeth into proper alignment. For crossbite correction, elastics are often stretched across different arches, such as from the inside of an upper tooth to the outside of a lower tooth. This “cross” pattern helps expand the upper arch and/or constrict the lower one, guiding misaligned teeth into a correct bite relationship. The constant tension reshapes bone and tissues surrounding the teeth, allowing them to shift.
The wear schedule for orthodontic elastics is important for successful treatment. Patients are instructed to wear them for approximately 20-22 hours per day, including during sleep. Consistency is vital, as inconsistent wear can delay progress or cause teeth to shift back.
Elastics are generally removed only for eating and brushing teeth. They should be changed several times daily, typically 3-4 times, because they lose elasticity over time. The orthodontist regularly checks progress and may adjust the elastic configuration or strength as needed.
Living with Elastics Daily
Maintaining good oral hygiene is important when wearing orthodontic elastics. Remove elastics before brushing and flossing to ensure thorough cleaning of teeth and appliances. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush and fluoride toothpaste, paying special attention to areas around brackets and hooks where plaque can accumulate.
Dietary considerations are necessary to prevent damage to elastics or attachments. Avoid sticky foods like caramel or gummy candies, as these can pull off elastics. Hard or crunchy foods should also be consumed with caution or avoided, as they can break elastics or damage orthodontic components.
Some initial discomfort or soreness is common when first starting to wear elastics, similar to the adjustment period with braces. This tenderness indicates teeth are beginning to move and typically subsides within a few days as the mouth adapts. Over-the-counter pain relievers can help manage discomfort during this initial phase.
Troubleshooting common issues is part of the daily experience. If an elastic breaks or is lost, replace it immediately to maintain continuous force. Orthodontists provide extra elastics. If an elastic causes irritation, contact the orthodontist. Most patients adapt quickly to wearing them.
Achieving and Maintaining Your New Bite
The duration of elastic treatment for crossbite varies among individuals, depending on misalignment severity and patient compliance. Some cases may see correction in a few months, while others could require 6-9 months or longer. Consistent wear as directed by the orthodontist is key to timely results.
A corrected bite means upper and lower teeth align properly, with upper teeth slightly overlapping lower ones. This alignment offers several benefits, including improved chewing function, reduced jaw strain, and decreased risk of uneven tooth wear, gum disease, and cavities. A corrected bite also contributes to a more balanced facial appearance and enhanced self-confidence.
Following active treatment, the retention phase is important for long-term success. Retainers, which can be fixed or removable, hold teeth in their newly corrected positions. Tissues and bones surrounding teeth need time to stabilize and adapt after elastic forces are removed. Consistent use of retainers, often full-time for several months followed by nighttime wear, prevents teeth from shifting back. Adhering to the orthodontist’s instructions regarding retainer wear preserves treatment results and ensures a lasting, healthy smile.