Squirrels build nests for shelter, protection from predators, and to raise their young. Understanding where and how they nest can help address their presence, especially when they choose human structures.
Understanding Squirrel Nests
Squirrels construct two main types of nests: dreys and dens. A drey is a spherical nest typically found in tree branches, often resembling a ball of leaves. These structures are built from an outer layer of twigs, dry leaves, and grass, with a softer inner lining of moss, pine needles, or shredded bark for insulation and comfort. Dreys offer protection from the elements and a secure space for raising young.
In contrast, a den is a cavity nest, usually located within natural hollows of trees or inside human-made structures. Squirrels may utilize existing tree cavities or enlarge them to suit their needs. These dens provide enhanced protection from predators and severe weather, making them preferred winter retreats. Both nest types offer warmth and safety for the squirrels’ survival.
Common Nesting Locations
Squirrels primarily build their nests in trees, favoring locations that offer stability and concealment. Deciduous trees like oaks, beeches, and maples are common choices, with nests often situated high up, around 20 feet or more, near the trunk or at the fork of strong branches. Conifer trees, such as spruce and pine, are also used. Tree hollows or cavities provide natural, well-protected den sites.
Beyond natural habitats, squirrels frequently seek shelter within human-made structures. Attics are a common target due to their warmth and protection from ground predators and harsh weather conditions. Other indoor nesting sites include eaves, uncapped chimneys, sheds, and wall voids. These locations offer warmth, reduced predator access, and proximity to food sources.
Identifying Nest Indicators
Recognizing the presence of a squirrel nest often involves observing specific visual and auditory cues. Visual indicators include gnaw marks on wood, wiring, or insulation, as squirrels chew to manage their incisor teeth. Damaged areas around entry points like soffits, fascia boards, vents, and roof gaps can also signal squirrel activity, as they can squeeze through openings as small as 1.5 inches. Disrupted insulation or scattered debris, such as leaves and twigs, may indicate nesting material.
Another visual sign is squirrel droppings, which are small, oblong, dark brown pellets, often resembling raisins. These droppings usually have rounded ends and can be found scattered or in clusters near nesting or feeding areas. Auditory cues are frequently heard in early morning or late afternoon, when squirrels are most active. These sounds include scurrying, scratching, and rustling from within walls or attics. Chattering, chirping, and gnawing noises can also indicate their presence, with baby squirrels sometimes emitting high-pitched squeaks.
What to Do After Locating a Nest
Once a squirrel nest is located, it is generally advised to observe it from a distance and avoid direct disturbance, particularly if young squirrels are present. Nests found in outdoor trees should typically be left undisturbed, as squirrels often construct multiple “reserve” nests. These tree nests contribute to the ecosystem by aiding forest regeneration and providing shelter for other wildlife.
If a nest is discovered inside a home or other structure, contacting a professional wildlife removal service is recommended. These professionals can safely and humanely remove the animals, ensuring both human safety and the welfare of the squirrels. Attempting to remove squirrels or their nests independently can be dangerous and may inadvertently cause harm to the animals, especially if young are involved. Professionals also address potential entry points and repair any damage, preventing future infestations.