A Foley catheter is a flexible tube inserted into the bladder to drain urine, which collects into an attached drainage bag. Emptying the bag regularly maintains patient comfort and prevents potential complications, such as urinary tract infections (UTIs). The collection bag should be emptied when it is about one-half to two-thirds full, or at least every eight hours, to prevent the risk of backflow and subsequent infection. Following the proper technique ensures the ongoing safety and hygiene of the catheter system.
Essential Supplies and Preparation
Before starting the drainage process, gathering the required supplies is necessary for infection control. A clean container, often a graduated cylinder or measuring device, is needed to collect the urine, particularly if output measurement is required by a healthcare provider. Disposable non-sterile gloves should be readily available to protect both the caregiver and the equipment from cross-contamination.
Thorough hand hygiene is performed before touching any part of the catheter system, using soap and water for a minimum of 20 seconds, or an alcohol-based hand sanitizer. After washing and drying hands, the disposable gloves are put on. Place a paper towel or disposable barrier underneath the drainage bag to protect the immediate area from potential drips or spills. The clean collection container is then positioned directly below the drainage port of the catheter bag, ensuring it is stable and ready to receive the flow of urine.
Step-by-Step Guide to Emptying the Drainage Bag
The physical act of draining the urine can begin by locating the drainage outlet valve, which is typically found at the bottom of the collection bag. This valve may be a simple clamp, a twist-spout, or a port with a removable cap, depending on the specific model of the drainage bag.
The drainage valve is then carefully opened, taking care to avoid touching the tip of the spout to the collection container or any other surface. Allowing the urine to flow completely out of the bag ensures the bag does not become overly full between drainage times. Maintaining a downward angle on the drainage tube helps ensure a smooth, complete flow of urine.
Once the bag is fully drained, the valve must be securely closed to prevent any leakage. If the valve has a cap or is designed to be tucked into a holder at the bottom of the bag, it should be re-secured immediately after closing the valve. Throughout this process, it is important to avoid pulling or tugging on the catheter tubing, which could cause discomfort or dislodge the catheter.
Post-Drainage Hygiene and Warning Signs
After the drainage valve is securely closed, the tip of the drainage port or spout should be cleaned with an alcohol wipe or an antibacterial wipe to remove any residual urine or potential contaminants. This step reduces the risk of bacteria entering the system when the valve is next opened.
The collected urine should be measured if required, and any observations regarding its characteristics should be noted. Document urine that appears unusually cloudy, dark, or contains sediment or blood, along with any strong or foul odors. The measured urine is then emptied into the toilet, and the collection container is rinsed, cleaned, and set aside for the next use.
The disposable gloves are removed, turned inside out to contain any contaminants, and discarded appropriately before performing final hand hygiene. Certain warning signs warrant immediate contact with a healthcare provider:
- Absence of urine output for several hours despite adequate fluid intake, which may indicate a blockage in the system.
- Fever greater than 101 degrees Fahrenheit.
- New or increasing pain in the lower back or abdomen.
- A burning sensation around the catheter site, which may suggest a developing urinary tract infection.