A urinary catheter bag collects urine when a person cannot empty their bladder naturally. Regular emptying is a necessary part of catheter care, preventing the bag from overfilling and reducing the risk of urine backflow. Preventing backflow is important because it can introduce bacteria into the urinary system, leading to complications such as urinary tract infections.
Preparing the Supplies and Environment
Cleanliness is the most important consideration, as the goal is to maintain a closed system. Begin by washing your hands thoroughly with soap and warm water for at least twenty seconds. After drying your hands, don a pair of clean, disposable gloves to establish a barrier against microorganisms.
Gather the necessary equipment beforehand to streamline the process. You will need a clean container, such as a graduated cylinder or a dedicated collection jug, if not draining directly into the toilet. If instructed to clean the drainage port after emptying, have an alcohol wipe ready.
Check the catheter tubing to ensure it is positioned correctly and is not kinked or twisted, which would impede urine flow. The drainage bag must always be kept below the level of the bladder to prevent urine from flowing backward into the body.
Draining the Catheter Bag Step-by-Step
After donning gloves, position the collection container directly beneath the drainage spout at the bottom of the catheter bag. If using a measuring container, place it on a stable, flat surface to prevent spills. Hold the bag steady so the drainage port is easily accessible.
Remove the drainage spout from its holder and carefully open the clamp or valve, allowing the urine to flow into the container or toilet. The tip of the drainage spout must not touch the inside of the collection container, the toilet rim, or any other surface. Contact with an unsterile surface can contaminate the spout, introducing bacteria into the system.
Allow the urine to drain completely until the bag is empty, then securely close the valve or clamp. If advised by your healthcare provider, wipe the drainage port with an alcohol wipe after sealing the valve. Replace the spout securely into its holder to keep the tip clean and prevent accidental leakage.
Post-Draining Care and When to Empty
After the bag is drained and the spout is secured, dispose of the collected urine immediately by pouring it into the toilet. If a container was used, rinse it thoroughly with water and mild soap. Allow the container to air dry completely before the next use to prevent bacterial growth.
Remove the disposable gloves by turning them inside out as you peel them off. The final step is a second, thorough handwashing with soap and water. This two-part hand hygiene practice reduces the risk of infection.
The frequency of emptying the bag is important for comfort and safety. A catheter bag should be emptied when it is between two-thirds and three-quarters full, or at least every eight hours. Allowing the bag to become too heavy causes tension on the catheter, which is uncomfortable and can pull on the insertion site.
Monitor the characteristics of the urine during the draining process, noting any changes in color, clarity, or smell. Contact a healthcare professional immediately if the urine becomes cloudy, contains blood, or develops a foul odor, as these may indicate an infection. Similarly, seek medical advice if you experience a fever, pain, or if no urine has drained into the bag for several hours.