Catnip (Nepeta cataria) is a perennial herb in the mint family famous for its unique effect on felines. This reaction is caused by nepetalactone, a volatile oil concentrated in the leaves and stems that triggers a euphoric response in cats. Drying the herb preserves this compound, allowing the nepetalactone to remain potent for long-term use. While air-drying is common, using a conventional oven offers a quick, controlled way to achieve the necessary crisp dryness. This method focuses on rapid dehydration at a low temperature to lock in the herb’s desired properties.
Preparing Fresh Catnip for Drying
The ideal time to harvest catnip is when the plant is in full bloom, typically during mid-summer, as this is when the leaves contain the highest concentration of the active compound, nepetalactone. Harvest the stems on a dry day, after the morning dew has completely evaporated, to minimize the moisture content and reduce the risk of mold. After harvesting, gently rinse the leaves and small sprigs with cool water to remove any dust or small insects, then thoroughly blot them dry with a clean cloth or paper towel.
The thick, main stems should be removed because they hold a large amount of water and require significantly longer drying times than the leaves, leading to uneven results. Spread the prepared catnip material in a single, thin layer across a baking sheet that is lined with parchment paper. Avoid overcrowding the leaves, as this will trap moisture and prevent the necessary airflow needed for uniform dehydration. Proper spacing ensures every piece of catnip is exposed directly to the oven’s circulating low heat.
Step-by-Step Oven Drying Instructions
Set the conventional oven to its lowest temperature setting, which is usually between 170°F and 180°F, or use a dedicated “Warm” setting. The goal is to slowly remove moisture, as excessive heat will degrade the volatile nepetalactone oil, reducing the herb’s potency. Place the baking sheet on a middle rack, ensuring the catnip is not close to any heating elements.
A crucial step is to allow moisture to escape the oven cavity by propping the door open slightly, often accomplished with a wooden spoon. This small gap permits the humid air being released from the catnip to vent out, preventing the leaves from steaming instead of drying. The total drying time can range from 1 to 2 hours, depending on the oven and the initial moisture content of the leaves.
Monitor the catnip continuously and check on it every 20 to 30 minutes to prevent scorching. Gently stirring or turning the leaves will ensure that the heat is distributed evenly across the entire batch. Rotation is necessary because leaves closest to the door or edges may dry faster than those in the center. Maintain vigilance until the leaves are brittle and completely dry to the touch.
Checking for Full Dryness and Storage
The catnip is fully dried when the leaves are noticeably crisp and crumble immediately when rubbed between your fingers. A properly dried leaf will shatter into flakes or powder, whereas a piece that is not fully dry will merely bend or feel soft and pliable. Once the catnip has reached this brittle state, remove the baking sheet from the oven and allow the leaves to cool completely.
The cooled, dried catnip can then be processed into small flakes or a coarse powder by gently crushing the material with your hands. A food processor can also be used, but only with quick, gentle pulses to avoid generating heat that might release the remaining volatile oils. Store the finished catnip in an airtight container, such as a glass jar, away from direct light and heat to maintain maximum potency for several months.