An EpiPen is a medical device designed to automatically inject a dose of epinephrine, adrenaline, to manage severe allergic reactions like anaphylaxis. This auto-injector can open airways and alleviate life-threatening symptoms. Once an EpiPen has been used or expired, proper disposal is important. Containing a needle and medication, these devices are medical waste requiring specific handling.
Why Proper Disposal Matters
Improper disposal of EpiPens carries several risks to individuals and the environment. Sharps like EpiPens can cause accidental needle sticks, potentially injuring people, sanitation workers, or pets. Such injuries can expose individuals to bloodborne pathogens.
Beyond safety hazards, EpiPen components pose environmental concerns. Components like plastic, metal, and electronic circuitry can contribute to pollution if they end up in landfills. Epinephrine medication should not enter water systems, as it could lead to contamination. Proper disposal prevents harmful chemicals from leaching into soil and water, reducing plastic and electronic waste.
Approved Disposal Methods
Disposing of used or expired EpiPens requires adherence to specific local guidelines. Verify rules set by state, county, or city authorities, as they govern medical sharps handling. Many communities offer programs for safe disposal.
Community sharps disposal programs provide designated collection sites. These locations often include pharmacies, hospitals, clinics, fire stations, and local health departments. Contact these facilities beforehand to confirm participation and specific requirements for accepting sharps. Some healthcare providers may also accept used devices when a new prescription is obtained.
Mail-back programs offer another convenient disposal option. These services, often provided by sharps container manufacturers or waste disposal companies, involve sending used sharps in pre-paid, pre-addressed mailing containers to a specialized facility. These programs adhere to federal and state regulations for safe transport and disposal. Some pharmaceutical companies also offer take-back programs for their products.
Household hazardous waste (HHW) facilities or collection events accept sharps. These facilities handle various hazardous materials, including medical waste. Consult local waste management authorities or health departments for information on nearby HHW collection points and their acceptance policies.
Safe Handling and Temporary Storage
Immediately after using an EpiPen, place the device, needle first, into a sharps disposal container. An approved sharps container is puncture-resistant, leak-proof, rigid plastic, and features a tight-fitting lid. They are often clearly labeled. FDA-cleared sharps containers are available through pharmacies, medical supply companies, and healthcare providers.
If an FDA-cleared container is unavailable, a heavy-duty plastic household container can serve as a temporary alternative. Examples include a plastic laundry detergent bottle or a bleach container, provided it has a screw-top lid and is puncture-resistant. Label this makeshift container “Sharps” or “Biohazard” and “Do Not Recycle.” Fill these containers only about three-quarters full before sealing them for disposal.
Avoid specific actions when handling used EpiPens. Never attempt to recap the needle, bend, or break it, as this increases the risk of accidental injury. Do not dispose of EpiPens directly into household trash, recycling bins, or flush them down the toilet, as this poses significant safety and environmental hazards. Until proper disposal, store the container in a secure location, out of reach of children and pets.