A standard manual wheelchair is designed with a cross-brace frame, allowing it to collapse inward for improved portability and storage. The process requires a methodical approach, beginning with preparation to remove components that would otherwise obstruct the frame’s collapse. This guide focuses on the common “X-frame” manual wheelchair, detailing the actions needed to transition the chair from its functional state to a compact, storable form.
Preparing the Wheelchair for Folding
The wheel locks must be firmly engaged to prevent the chair from rolling or shifting during preparation. Securing the wheelchair in place is a precondition for safely removing other parts.
Next, any removable accessories that will impede the frame’s movement should be taken off. Cushions and bags should be lifted away from the seat and backrest, as they occupy the space the frame needs to collapse into. Many wheelchairs also have a removable back support or a backrest that folds down, which should be lowered if possible to reduce the chair’s overall height once folded.
The footrests or leg rests are the most common obstruction to a complete fold and must be removed or swung out of the way. Most footrests are detached by lifting a small lever near the hinge and swinging them outward before lifting them clear of the frame. If the footrests remain attached, they will physically block the cross-braces from collapsing fully, potentially jamming the mechanism.
Step-by-Step Guide to Closing the Chair
The folding action relies on the central ‘X’ shaped cross-brace mechanism located beneath the seat upholstery. It is helpful to confirm that the wheel brakes are still locked and that all obstructing components, such as the footrests, have been removed.
The standard and most effective method for folding the chair is to grasp the seat upholstery itself. Place your hands near the front and back edges of the seat fabric, or locate the center of the seat sling where the fabric is at its lowest point. Firmly pull the seat fabric straight up toward you, which initiates the scissor-like collapse of the cross-braces.
If the chair resists the initial pull, a slight side-to-side shake or a small tilt toward the person folding it can sometimes encourage the cross-braces to pivot. The goal is to ensure the frame collapses evenly and completely until the armrests and wheels are nearly touching, achieving the most compact form. The chair is fully folded when the seat upholstery is taut and the frame cannot be squeezed any further inward.
Securing and Storing the Folded Wheelchair
Some manual wheelchairs are equipped with a strap or latch that can be used to hold the folded frame together and prevent it from accidentally unfolding during transit. If no strap is present, simply ensuring the chair is placed in a confined space, like a car trunk, will keep the frame compressed.
When lifting the folded chair, proper body mechanics are necessary to prevent injury. The safest technique involves bending at the knees and hips, keeping the back straight, and lifting with the powerful leg muscles rather than straining the back. It is important to hold onto the main frame, such as the wheel rims or a secure part of the chassis, and avoid lifting by movable components like the armrests or push handles, which could detach.
For storage, the folded wheelchair should be kept in a dry location that is easily accessible. If transporting in a vehicle, the chair should be secured to prevent movement; this can involve using cargo straps or even threading a rear seatbelt through the frame to anchor it.