Aloe vera is a popular succulent houseplant, valued for its architectural appearance and the soothing gel found within its leaves. To “clone” this plant means to practice vegetative propagation, which creates a new, genetically identical plant without using seeds. The most reliable way to multiply your collection is by separating the small plantlets, or offsets, that naturally grow around the base of a mature plant.
Identifying and Separating Offsets
The cloning process begins by identifying the small plants, commonly referred to as “pups” or offsets, that emerge from the parent plant’s root system. Offsets are ready for separation once they reach about one-fifth the size of the mother plant, typically standing between one and three inches tall. They must also have developed their own small root structures.
To safely remove the offsets, gently slide the entire mother plant out of its container and brush away some of the soil to expose the roots. Using a sharp, sterilized knife or shears, cut the offset cleanly away from the main plant. Ensure that the pup retains as many of its own roots as possible for a successful transplant.
The Essential Curing Process
The next step is the curing period, which takes place after the offset is separated but before it is planted. Because Aloe vera is a succulent, its cut surfaces are highly susceptible to rot and fungal infection if immediately placed into moist soil. The severed wound needs time to dry out and form a hard, protective scab, or callus.
Place the separated offsets in a dry, warm, and shaded location, away from direct sunlight. Depending on the humidity and temperature, this drying period typically takes anywhere from two days to a full week. The cut end should appear dry and firm, forming a seal that prevents pathogens from entering the plant tissue.
Planting the New Aloe Vera
Once the cut surface of the offset has callused over, it is ready for planting in its own container. The type of soil is important, as standard potting mix retains too much moisture and will quickly cause the offset to rot. Use a fast-draining succulent or cactus mix, which is formulated with ingredients like coarse sand or perlite to allow water to pass through quickly.
The pot itself must have a drainage hole; a terracotta pot is often preferred because its porous nature helps wick away excess moisture. Plant the callused end of the offset just deep enough to stabilize it, ensuring the base of the lowest leaves rests just above the soil line. Gently firm the soil around the base to hold the new clone upright, but do not water it yet.
Post-Planting Care and Establishment
The first few weeks after planting are important for the offset to establish new roots. Do not water the newly potted offset for at least the first week, allowing the plant to acclimate. After this initial dry period, water only when the soil has completely dried out, which you can check by inserting a finger about two inches deep into the mix.
Aloe vera plants thrive in bright, indirect sunlight, such as near an east- or west-facing window. Avoid placing the new plant in intense, direct afternoon sun, which can scorch the leaves while the roots are still developing. Note that attempting to clone Aloe vera using a leaf cutting is highly unlikely to succeed, as the cutting will almost always rot before rooting.