Wisdom teeth removal creates surgical sites requiring gentle care for proper healing. The primary goal of post-extraction hygiene is protecting the delicate blood clot that forms in the socket, as this clot is the foundation for new tissue growth and bone regeneration. Disrupting this seal can lead to complications like infection or the painful condition known as dry socket. Maintaining a clean environment around the extraction site is paramount for a smooth recovery.
Immediate Care: The First 24 Hours
The first day following surgery is for protection, not active cleaning, because the blood clot is most fragile. Immediately after the procedure, gently bite down on gauze pads placed over the surgical areas to apply pressure and control bleeding. Change these pads every 30 to 45 minutes, or as advised by your surgeon, until the bleeding slows to a minor ooze or stops.
During this initial 24-hour window, strictly avoid any action that could dislodge the blood clot. This means no vigorous rinsing or forceful spitting, which creates pressure and pulls the clot away. Refrain from brushing the surgical area itself. Keep your head elevated and limit physical activity to minimize bleeding and swelling.
Establishing a Daily Cleaning Routine
Active, gentle cleaning begins the day after surgery to manage bacteria and food debris and prevent infection. The primary method involves warm salt water rinses, performed several times a day, especially after eating. This saline solution helps cleanse the area and reduce bacterial buildup.
Prepare the rinse by dissolving a half-teaspoon of salt into eight ounces of warm water. Instead of swishing aggressively, gently tilt your head side-to-side to allow the solution to flow over the extraction sites. Let the water dribble into the sink rather than spitting forcefully, which creates disruptive suction. If your surgeon prescribed a chlorhexidine mouthwash, begin using the antiseptic rinse 24 to 48 hours post-surgery, typically twice daily. Avoid eating or drinking for 30 minutes after use to ensure its effectiveness.
Carefully resume brushing your teeth the day after surgery using a soft-bristled toothbrush. Focus on cleaning the surfaces of your teeth, avoiding direct contact with the healing socket for the first few days. If food particles become lodged, your surgeon may provide a plastic irrigating syringe. If provided, start using the syringe around day five to seven, gently flushing the socket with warm salt water until debris is removed.
Essential Restrictions to Prevent Complications
Dry socket is the most common complication, occurring when the protective blood clot is prematurely dislodged, exposing the bone and nerve endings. Therefore, avoiding actions that create negative pressure or suction in the mouth is necessary for at least a week.
Sucking through a straw or forcefully spitting generates a vacuum that can easily pull the blood clot from the socket. Smoking or vaping is strictly prohibited, as the inhalation process creates suction, and the chemicals can also impede the healing process. Avoid touching the extraction site with your fingers or tongue to prevent physical disruption.
For the first few days, your diet should consist of soft, cool foods. Avoid hard, crunchy, or sharp foods that can traumatize the area or get trapped in the socket. Hot liquids and foods should also be avoided initially, as heat can increase swelling and disrupt the clot. Limit strenuous physical activity, as heavy exertion increases blood pressure and can lead to increased bleeding.