Root rot is a common fungal disease affecting plant roots, often leading to plant decline. Early detection is important for plant survival. This article guides you through identifying signs and inspecting plants for this condition.
Visible Symptoms of Root Rot
Plants suffering from root rot often display above-ground symptoms. A common indicator is wilting foliage, which can occur despite the soil feeling adequately moist or even wet. This wilting happens because damaged roots cannot effectively absorb water and nutrients.
Leaves may also show discoloration, frequently turning yellow or brown, with lower leaves often affected first. Stunted growth is another sign, as the plant struggles to develop new foliage or maintain its existing size without a healthy root system. Additionally, a general lack of vigor, premature leaf drop, or a soft, mushy stem base can point towards root rot. These visible symptoms can sometimes be confused with other plant issues, making a physical root inspection the most reliable way to confirm the problem.
How to Inspect Plant Roots
Begin by preparing a workspace that can handle some soil, such as outdoors, over a sink, or on a covered surface with newspaper or a dropcloth.
To remove the plant from its pot, gently place one hand over the top of the pot, with your fingers supporting the plant’s base and stem. Carefully invert the pot, then gently tap or squeeze the sides to loosen the root ball. If the plant is stubborn, you might need to gently pull it while supporting the base. Once the plant is out, carefully shake off excess soil from the root ball to get a clearer view of the roots. Handle the roots with care to avoid further damage, as they will be delicate if compromised.
What Healthy and Unhealthy Roots Look Like
When inspecting the roots, healthy ones typically appear firm and are often white or a light tan color. They should have a fresh, earthy scent, similar to healthy soil.
In contrast, roots affected by root rot often appear dark brown or black, feeling mushy, soft, or slimy to the touch. Rotten roots may also be brittle and easily fall apart, or even completely absent in severely affected areas. A foul or sour odor is a strong indicator of root rot.
Tips for Root Rot Prevention
Preventing root rot involves managing soil moisture and ensuring proper aeration around the roots. Overwatering is a common cause, so it is important to allow the soil to dry out partially between waterings. Before watering, check the soil moisture by inserting a finger about two to three inches deep; if it feels cool and only slightly moist, it is often too soon to water again.
Good drainage is also important for preventing standing water around the roots. Always use pots with drainage holes to allow excess water to escape freely. Additionally, selecting a well-draining potting mix, rather than dense garden soil, helps ensure adequate air circulation to the roots. Using an appropriately sized pot also helps, as an oversized container can hold too much moisture for the plant’s root system.