An Automated External Defibrillator (AED) delivers an electrical shock to a patient experiencing sudden cardiac arrest. Designed for use by minimally trained responders, the AED bridges the gap between the emergency’s onset and the arrival of medical personnel. The device’s efficacy relies entirely on its readiness, which depends on a fully charged and functional battery. Proper maintenance of the power source is paramount, as a depleted battery renders the life-saving technology useless. Maintaining preparedness means actively managing the battery’s lifespan and swiftly addressing any warnings.
Recognizing When Replacement is Needed
The need for a battery change is signaled by two categories of indicators: proactive expiration monitoring and reactive device warnings. Every AED battery has an expiration or “install by” date printed on its packaging or casing, dictating its maximum shelf life. Replacing the battery based on this date is a necessary proactive measure, regardless of the device’s operational status.
The AED unit provides reactive warnings through both visual and auditory cues when the installed battery’s charge is low. Most models feature a status indicator light, typically displaying a green checkmark or solid green when ready for rescue. A flashing light, a red “X,” or a change in color signals a fault, often due to a low battery. Many AEDs perform routine self-tests and issue an audible warning, such as chirping or a voice prompt, alerting users that the battery requires immediate replacement.
Step-by-Step Battery Replacement Procedure
Changing the battery begins with ensuring the device is powered off, which may involve removing the unit from its wall cabinet or carrying case to access the battery compartment. The battery housing is typically located on the side, back, or bottom of the AED and is designed for easy, tool-free access. Users should locate the release latch or ejection button and firmly press it to disengage the depleted battery.
Once the old battery is removed, inspect the compartment for any signs of corrosion or debris that could interfere with the new connection. The replacement battery must be the correct manufacturer-approved model to ensure compatibility and performance. When inserting the new power source, align it carefully with the contacts and push until a clear click is heard, confirming the battery is seated securely and the latch is engaged.
For devices that use multiple non-rechargeable lithium batteries (e.g., ZOLL AED Plus), the user must insert all batteries in a specific sequence. After installation, the AED will generally power on automatically or require the user to turn it on to initiate an internal self-test. The device may issue voice prompts to guide the user through confirming the new battery installation.
Essential Post-Replacement Maintenance and Documentation
Following the battery swap, confirm the device’s operational status and update administrative records. The AED typically runs a diagnostic self-test upon installation of the new battery, which may take a few minutes. Monitor the device during this time and wait for the status indicator to revert to its “ready” state (usually a steady or flashing green light), confirming the unit is fully functional.
Updating the maintenance log is a mandatory administrative step that provides a traceable record of the device’s readiness. The log (physical or digital) must be updated with the date of installation. The expected expiration date of the new battery must also be calculated and recorded as a future reminder for the next replacement cycle. Proper documentation ensures compliance with local regulations and proves the AED is maintained in a rescue-ready condition.
Battery Lifespan, Procurement, and Proper Disposal
AED batteries are high-capacity, non-rechargeable power sources, typically using lithium manganese dioxide chemistry for long-term standby power. The typical lifespan in standby mode ranges from two to five years, though some models last up to seven years. This duration is affected by environmental factors, such as extreme temperatures, and the frequency of automatic self-tests, which consume small amounts of power.
When purchasing a replacement, procure only manufacturer-approved or Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) batteries specifically compatible with the AED model. Non-genuine parts may not meet the necessary power specifications and could lead to failure during an emergency.
The disposal of expired or depleted batteries must follow specific environmental guidelines, as they contain heavy metals like lithium and are classified as hazardous waste. They should never be discarded in regular trash, as this can lead to environmental contamination. The proper procedure involves taking the spent battery to a certified recycling center or utilizing a manufacturer’s take-back program.