Wolf spiders are common arachnids often found in and around human dwellings. Despite their imposing appearance, these ground-dwelling spiders are generally harmless. They are not aggressive and typically only bite if threatened or accidentally squeezed. This guide provides practical and humane methods for safely catching and relocating a wolf spider, allowing for peaceful coexistence.
Identifying and Locating Wolf Spiders
Wolf spiders have distinct physical characteristics. They typically have robust, hairy bodies, ranging from brown to gray or black, often with markings or stripes. A key identifying feature is their eye arrangement: eight eyes in three rows (four small on the bottom, two large in the middle, two medium on top). Unlike other spiders, wolf spiders do not build webs; they actively hunt.
Wolf spiders are highly adaptable, found in a wide range of habitats, including gardens, woodlands, grasslands, and suburban areas. They prefer ground level, residing under rocks, logs, leaf litter, or dense vegetation. Indoors, they seek shelter in basements, crawl spaces, or garages, especially when searching for prey or mates. Nocturnal, they are most active at night, their eyes reflecting light as glowing spots when illuminated by a flashlight.
Safe and Effective Catching Techniques
Before catching a wolf spider, gather necessary tools for a safe, humane capture. A clear cup or jar and a sturdy piece of paper or cardboard are the primary items. Clear containers allow observation of the spider’s movements. Avoid bare hands to prevent startling the spider, which could lead to a defensive bite (usually mild). Approach the spider calmly and observe its behavior.
The “cup and paper” method is the safest and most effective. Slowly place the clear cup or jar over the spider, ensuring the rim is flat against the surface to prevent escape. Once contained, gently slide the paper or cardboard underneath the cup, covering the opening. Maintain firm but gentle pressure on the paper against the cup’s rim to secure the spider. With the spider enclosed, carefully flip the cup upright, keeping the paper pressed against the opening.
For spiders in hard-to-reach areas or for those preferring more distance, alternative tools can be used. A long-handled dustpan can sweep a spider into a container. Specialized spider catcher tools, with soft bristles or a trapdoor mechanism, allow remote capture without direct contact. These devices gently enclose the spider, minimizing harm. Prioritize the spider’s safety by avoiding sudden movements or excessive force.
Post-Capture Considerations
Once safely contained, humane relocation is the primary consideration. Release the spider outdoors, away from your home’s foundation. Choose a suitable release location like a garden, wooded area, or dense vegetation, providing natural shelter and hunting grounds. Releasing near dusk is beneficial, as wolf spiders are more active at night, increasing their chances of finding shelter and food.
If immediate outdoor release is not possible or brief observation is desired, the spider can be temporarily housed. A well-ventilated container with a secure lid is appropriate for short-term containment. Adding a small amount of substrate, like a leaf or twig, can provide a more natural environment. For very short periods (typically less than a day), the spider will not require food or water.
When ready to release, take the container to your chosen outdoor location. Gently tilt the container and slide the paper away, allowing the spider to exit voluntarily. Avoid shaking the container or forcing the spider out, as this can cause stress or injury. A gentle release helps the spider acclimate to its new surroundings and continue its role in the ecosystem.