A biopsy wound results from a medical procedure where a small tissue sample is removed for examination, often to diagnose skin conditions. Proper care is important for healing, reducing complications, and minimizing scarring.
Initial Care After Biopsy
Immediately after a biopsy, healthcare professionals apply an initial dressing. Do not disturb this dressing for the first 24 hours unless instructed. Keeping the area clean and dry helps the wound begin to close.
After the first day, or as directed by the healthcare provider, the initial dressing can be removed. Before touching the wound, wash hands thoroughly with soap and water. This prevents germ transfer and infection.
Ongoing Wound Management
Daily wound care begins the day after the biopsy and continues until healing is complete. Gently clean the wound and surrounding skin with mild, fragrance-free soap and water. Avoid harsh or antibacterial soaps, which can irritate healing tissue. Rinse the wound thoroughly with water, then pat the area dry with a clean, soft cloth.
After cleaning and drying, apply a thin layer of petroleum jelly to the wound, ideally from a squeeze tube to maintain sterility. This keeps the wound moist, supporting faster healing and preventing scab formation.
Cover the wound with a fresh, sterile adhesive bandage or non-stick gauze secured with paper tape. Daily dressing changes protect the wound from contaminants and maintain a moist healing environment. Most biopsy wounds heal within 7 to 10 days, though lower leg wounds may take 6 to 8 weeks.
During healing, avoid activities that stretch the wound, such as strenuous exercise or heavy lifting. Protect the wound from direct sun exposure, as UV radiation can cause hyperpigmentation and worsen scar appearance. After the wound closes, continue sun protection with sunscreen or clothing to help the scar fade.
Recognizing Potential Complications
While most biopsy wounds heal without issue, be aware of signs indicating complications. These include increased redness spreading beyond the wound, worsening swelling, or increased pain. Thick, yellowish discharge or pus, especially with fever or chills, also suggests infection and warrants immediate medical attention.
Minor bleeding can occur, but if heavy bleeding doesn’t stop after 20 minutes of firm pressure, contact a healthcare provider. Persistent or severe pain not relieved by over-the-counter medication, or pain that worsens, should be evaluated. Watch for allergic reactions to bandages or topical products, like increased itching, rash, or blistering; discontinue use if suspected. Seek professional guidance for any of these concerns.