Anubias species are highly popular and resilient aquatic plants frequently incorporated into freshwater aquascapes. Unlike many stem plants inserted into the substrate, Anubias require specific placement to ensure long-term health and growth. Securing this plant to rocks or driftwood, collectively known as hardscape, is the preferred method for its successful cultivation. This guide explores the structure of the Anubias plant and provides practical instructions for securely attaching it to your chosen hardscape materials.
Understanding Anubias Structure and Planting Safety
The unique biology of Anubias dictates how it must be placed within the aquarium. Its growth structure features a thick, horizontal stem called the rhizome, from which both the roots and the leaf stalks emerge. The rhizome is the plant’s primary storage and growth mechanism, making its proper placement paramount for survival.
If the rhizome is buried beneath the substrate, it cannot access sufficient oxygen from the water column. The resulting anaerobic conditions will cause the tissue to break down through rot. Therefore, the entire rhizome must remain exposed to the water, making attachment to a surface the mandatory planting technique.
Preparing the Plant and Hardscape
Before securing the plant, both the Anubias and the chosen hardscape need preparation. Any new rock or driftwood should be thoroughly cleaned to remove surface debris or dust that could interfere with the attachment process. A simple rinse or light scrubbing is usually sufficient to clean the surfaces.
For the Anubias itself, any excessively long or tangled roots can be trimmed back slightly using clean scissors. Trimming the roots helps to neaten the plant, making it easier to position and secure tightly against the hardscape surface. This minor reduction in root mass does not harm the plant’s ability to anchor itself.
Step-by-Step Attachment Methods
The two most common and reliable techniques for securing Anubias utilize either a physical tie or an aquarium-safe adhesive.
Physical Ties
Using a physical tie, such as cotton thread or fine fishing line, involves manually binding the rhizome to the hardscape. The thread should be wrapped gently but firmly around the rhizome and the hardscape several times, ensuring the plant cannot shift position during tank activities.
Natural cotton thread will eventually degrade harmlessly over a period of weeks, leaving the roots naturally anchored to the surface. Alternatively, clear fishing line offers a stronger, more discreet hold, though it is non-biodegradable and must be manually removed once the plant is established. The gentle pressure of the tie stimulates the rhizome to produce adventitious roots that quickly grip the surface.
Cyanoacrylate Adhesive
The second method involves the use of cyanoacrylate adhesive, the active ingredient in many types of super glue, which is non-toxic once cured underwater. It is recommended to use a gel formulation, as its thicker consistency allows for more precise application and less runoff. This technique provides an instant and permanent bond, making it the faster option for securing multiple plants.
To apply the glue, a small amount should be placed directly onto the underside of the Anubias rhizome, focusing on a non-leaf node area to avoid damaging new growth. The glued portion is then pressed firmly against the hardscape for approximately 10 to 30 seconds. The water-activated curing process rapidly creates a safe, strong bond that holds the plant immediately.
The glue method eliminates the need for subsequent removal of materials, offering a cleaner aesthetic instantly. However, use only a minimal amount of glue, as excessive application can visibly coat the hardscape or damage the plant’s leaves. Both attachment methods must ensure the rhizome is flush against the hardscape to encourage the quickest natural root attachment.
Post-Attachment Placement and Settling
Once the Anubias is securely fastened, its placement within the aquarium plays a role in its long-term success. Anubias are low-light plants that perform best under moderate or shaded conditions, often thriving in the shadow of taller plants or large driftwood. Placing them directly under intense lighting can lead to heavy algae growth on the broad leaf surfaces, which inhibits photosynthesis.
Good water movement around the leaves and the rhizome is beneficial for nutrient delivery and oxygenation. It will take several weeks for the plant to fully settle and begin actively growing new roots. These new roots will eventually penetrate the crevices of the hardscape, providing a natural and permanent anchor.