Staghorn ferns (Platycerium) are unique plants known for their striking fronds that resemble a stag’s antlers. These ferns are naturally epiphytic, meaning they grow harmlessly attached to the bark of trees in their native tropical habitats rather than in soil. Mounting a staghorn fern onto a wooden plaque mimics this natural growth habit, which is the preferred method for their long-term health and display. This process allows the fern to absorb moisture and nutrients from the air and surrounding debris, just as it would in the rainforest canopy.
Essential Supplies and Preparation
Successfully mounting the fern requires gathering durable materials. The wooden plaque should be untreated and rot-resistant; cedar, redwood, or teak are excellent choices due to their longevity when frequently exposed to water. You will need sphagnum moss, which holds substantial moisture while remaining light. For securing the fern, use a strong, non-degrading material like clear nylon fishing line or plastic-coated wire, as natural fibers break down quickly with constant watering.
The preparatory steps ensure a stable mounting process. Fully submerge the dry sphagnum moss in water for 15 to 20 minutes until saturated, then squeeze out the excess water until the moss is damp. Create anchor points on the plaque by driving four to six small, flat-headed nails or screws around the area where the root ball will sit, leaving them partially exposed. Finally, remove the fern from its pot and gently loosen or brush away most of the original potting soil from the root ball.
Step-by-Step Mounting Process
Position the fern correctly on the prepared plaque. Place the root ball in the center of the wood, ensuring the basal fronds (the flat, shield-like leaves) face upward or toward the top. These fronds will eventually clasp the wood and moss, firmly anchoring the plant over time. Never remove the shield fronds, even when they turn brown and papery, as they protect the roots and capture debris and water.
Next, create a compact cushion of moisture by applying the soaked moss. Pack handfuls of pre-soaked sphagnum moss firmly and evenly around the entire root ball, creating a solid mound that covers all exposed roots and residual soil. The moss mass should provide a reservoir of moisture without overly protruding from the wood. This moss layer is where the fern’s fine roots will eventually grow, allowing it to adhere to the wood.
The final step is securing the fern with the nylon line or wire. Tie one end of the line securely to an exposed anchor nail or screw. Wrap the line tightly over the moss ball and across the fern’s base in a crosshatch pattern, looping around opposing nails to maintain tension. Pull the line snug enough to press the moss and fern firmly against the wood, ensuring no movement, but avoid wrapping directly over the delicate fertile fronds. Once the fern is stable and the moss is contained, tie the line off to a final nail and trim the excess.
Post-Mounting Care for Success
The mounted fern requires a specific watering regimen to establish itself successfully. Instead of typical potting soil watering, soak the entire mounted structure by submerging it, fern-side down, into a sink or tub of water for 10 to 20 minutes every one to two weeks. This thorough soaking ensures the sphagnum moss and the root ball are saturated. After soaking, allow the plaque to drip-dry completely before rehanging it to prevent mold development on the wood.
Proper placement is necessary for the mounted fern to thrive. Staghorn ferns prefer bright, indirect light, as direct sun can scorch the fronds and dry out the moss quickly. Since they are tropical plants, they appreciate higher humidity levels; daily misting is beneficial, especially if the air in the room is dry. During the active growing period of spring and summer, apply a diluted, balanced liquid fertilizer (such as orchid food) by adding it to the soaking water once a month. A successful mount is indicated when new shield fronds begin to form and grow over the initial moss layer and onto the wood, securing the fern permanently.