Lidocaine is a local anesthetic that temporarily numbs a specific body area. It blocks nerve signals in the skin, reducing pain or discomfort. It’s commonly used for temporary relief from minor skin irritations, insect bites, or localized aches. Many over-the-counter formulations offer a convenient option for managing superficial pain.
Available Forms of Lidocaine
Topical lidocaine comes in several forms for various pain relief needs. Creams and gels suit broader or less localized areas, offering smooth application. Ointments, thicker than creams, can protect irritated skin while delivering the anesthetic.
Patches deliver sustained medication release directly to a localized painful area. They adhere to the skin, allowing gradual absorption over hours. Sprays offer quick, convenient application for hard-to-reach or larger areas.
Universal Application Steps
Preparing the skin is a universal first step for effective lidocaine application. Wash the application area with mild soap and water, then pat dry. Clean, dry skin helps the medication adhere and absorb consistently. Ensure the skin is intact, without cuts, scrapes, or severe irritation, to prevent increased absorption.
Wash hands thoroughly before and after handling the product. This prevents accidental transfer to sensitive areas like eyes or mouth. For creams, gels, or ointments, apply a thin, even layer over the affected area.
Applying Different Lidocaine Products
For creams, gels, or ointments, dispense a small amount onto your fingertip and spread it over the painful area. Rub the product into the skin until absorbed, ensuring even distribution. Apply a thin layer, not exceeding the product label’s recommended amount, for the desired numbing effect. Some creams require covering with a dressing instead of rubbing; always check product instructions.
Patches require a different approach for optimal adherence. After cleaning and drying skin, remove the backing and apply the adhesive side directly over the painful spot. Press firmly around the edges to ensure full skin contact and prevent premature peeling. Patches offer prolonged relief, worn for 8 to 12 hours as per product instructions.
For sprays, hold the container 3 to 5 inches from the skin. Direct the spray towards the affected area, applying a fine, uniform mist. Avoid inhaling the spray or contact with eyes or mouth. Sprays conveniently cover larger or sensitive areas without manual contact.
Ensuring Safe Use
Adhering to dosage instructions is important when using topical lidocaine to prevent adverse effects. Always consult the product label for recommended amount and frequency, typically not exceeding three to four times in 24 hours. Excessive application increases bloodstream absorption, raising systemic reaction risk.
Avoid applying lidocaine to sensitive areas like eyes, nose, mouth, or mucous membranes, as this can cause irritation or increased absorption. Do not apply to broken, wounded, or severely irritated skin. These conditions increase lidocaine absorption, potentially leading to unwanted effects.
Mild side effects may include temporary redness, itching, or a slight burning sensation at the application site. These are usually localized and resolve quickly. Store lidocaine products securely at room temperature (59°F-86°F / 15°C-30°C), away from direct sunlight and moisture. Keep products out of reach of children and pets to prevent accidental ingestion or exposure.
When to Consult a Doctor
Consult a healthcare professional if pain persists or worsens despite using topical lidocaine as directed. This may indicate an underlying condition requiring medical evaluation and different treatment. Watch for severe skin reactions like blistering, significant swelling, or a spreading rash, which may signal an allergic reaction or excessive irritation.
Seek immediate medical attention for systemic side effects, indicating excessive lidocaine in your bloodstream. These symptoms may include dizziness, lightheadedness, confusion, difficulty breathing, or an irregular heartbeat. These reactions are uncommon with proper topical use but require urgent professional assessment. If the condition requiring lidocaine recurs frequently or becomes chronic, a doctor can help determine the root cause and suggest long-term management.