Kinesiology tape (KT Tape) is an elastic therapeutic tool designed to support muscles and joints without restricting the body’s natural range of motion. Unlike traditional athletic tape, its flexible material and wave-pattern adhesive mimic the skin’s elasticity. When applied, the tape is theorized to gently lift the skin, which may help improve local circulation and reduce pressure on pain receptors. This guide details the proper preparation and application technique for using this tape to provide general support and stabilization to the shoulder.
Prepping the Skin and Tape
Optimal adhesion depends heavily on thorough skin preparation, as the adhesive does not bond well with oils, lotions, or moisture. The application area must first be cleaned with mild soap and water or an alcohol wipe to remove all traces of body oils and topical products. If the shoulder area has excessive hair, trimming it down is highly recommended to ensure a secure bond and minimize discomfort during removal.
Before cutting the strips, measure the desired length by extending the tape over the muscle group, such as from the mid-bicep up and over the shoulder. Two primary cuts are utilized: the I-strip (a simple straight length) and the Y-strip. The Y-strip is created by cutting a strip lengthwise down the middle, stopping about two inches from the end to form an anchor. Use scissors to round all four corners of each strip to prevent the edges from catching on clothing and peeling prematurely.
Step-by-Step Application for General Shoulder Support
General shoulder support involves using a Y-strip to cup the large deltoid muscle, combined with an I-strip for stabilization. The process begins with the Y-strip. To properly stretch the muscle for application, the arm should be relaxed and hanging loosely at the side.
Tear the backing paper two inches from the uncut end of the Y-strip to create the base anchor. Place this anchor onto the outer upper arm, about four inches below the shoulder joint, applying this initial section with zero tension. Next, instruct the person to bring their hand across their chest, stretching the posterior portion of the deltoid.
With the arm in this position, remove the backing from one tail and apply it with 25% to 50% stretch, guiding it up and around the back of the deltoid muscle. The last two inches of the tail must be laid down onto the skin with zero tension. The person should then place their hand on their hip or lower back, which stretches the anterior deltoid.
The second tail is then applied around the front of the deltoid muscle, using the same 25% to 50% tension as the first tail. The final anchor is placed with no stretch. The two tails should meet or cross slightly near the acromion, forming a basket shape over the deltoid muscle.
The second strip, an I-strip, provides additional stabilization across the top of the shoulder joint. Start by tearing the backing paper in the center of the I-strip. Place the center of the strip directly over the acromioclavicular (AC) joint, applying it with about 25% tension while the arm remains relaxed. Once the center is adhered, remove the backing from the end and lay the anchor onto the front of the shoulder with zero tension. The remaining anchor is then laid onto the back of the shoulder, also with no stretch.
Ensuring Proper Adhesion and Safe Removal
Once all the strips are placed, the adhesive must be fully activated to ensure the tape remains secure. This is achieved by rubbing the surface of the tape vigorously with your hand, which generates the heat necessary to bond the glue to the skin. After application, wait at least one hour before engaging in physical activity or exposing the area to water, allowing the adhesive to fully cure.
The tape is designed to be worn for three to five days, even through showering or swimming, though it should be gently patted dry afterward. When removing the tape, do so slowly to avoid skin irritation. Peel the tape back gradually, pulling in the direction of hair growth while pressing down on the skin behind the peeling edge. For easier removal, apply baby oil or warm water a few minutes prior, as this helps break down the adhesive bond.