Hemorrhoids are swollen veins in the rectum or around the anus that cause discomfort, itching, and sometimes pain. Over-the-counter (OTC) ointments and creams temporarily relieve these symptoms by shrinking the swollen tissue and providing a protective barrier. Applying these topical medications correctly maximizes their effectiveness and avoids further irritation or infection. This guide provides step-by-step instructions for the safe application of hemorrhoid ointments.
Essential Preparation and Hygiene
Proper preparation of the hands and the affected area is necessary for safe application. Thoroughly wash your hands with soap and warm water to prevent introducing bacteria to the irritated site. Before applying the ointment, gently clean the anal area using mild soap and water or a specialized medicated wipe.
After cleansing, gently pat the area dry with a soft cloth or tissue. Drying the skin helps the ointment adhere properly and prevents moisture from trapping bacteria, which reduces efficacy. Gather all necessary supplies, including the ointment tube, the applicator if needed, and a clean finger cot or disposable glove, to streamline the process.
Applying Ointment to External Hemorrhoids
External hemorrhoids are located just outside the anal opening and are treated directly with manual application. Squeeze the tube to dispense a small, controlled amount of ointment, usually a fingertip or pea-sized portion, onto a clean finger or sterile gauze pad. This minimal amount is sufficient to cover the localized area.
To maintain hygiene, consider wearing a clean glove or finger cot. Gently dab or lightly spread the ointment directly onto the swollen or itchy tissue around the anus. Use a soft touch and avoid vigorous rubbing or pressure, which could worsen inflammation and increase discomfort.
Using the Applicator for Internal Relief
For internal hemorrhoids, many OTC ointments include a plastic applicator to deliver medication inside the anal canal. Securely attach the rounded applicator nozzle to the ointment tube opening. Squeeze a small amount of ointment to coat the tip, which acts as a lubricant for smoother insertion.
Assume a comfortable position, such as lying on your side with the upper leg bent toward the stomach. Gently insert the lubricated applicator slowly and without force, about one to two inches past the anal sphincter muscle. Once inserted, gently squeeze the tube to dispense the medication, then slowly withdraw the applicator.
The applicator must be thoroughly washed with warm water and soap after each use. This prevents bacterial growth and reintroduction.
Frequency and Safety Considerations
Most OTC hemorrhoid ointments are formulated for use up to three or four times daily. Specific applications are recommended after each bowel movement and at bedtime. Applying the medication immediately after a bowel movement ensures the tissue is clean and the ointment remains in contact with the affected area.
Avoid long-term, continuous use of these products. Many contain ingredients like steroids or vasoconstrictors that can cause side effects such as skin thinning or dryness with prolonged exposure. If you experience increased irritation, burning, or pain following application, discontinue use immediately.
Do not use the ointment for more than seven consecutive days unless directed by a healthcare provider. If symptoms such as bleeding, severe pain, or a lack of improvement persist after a full week of treatment, seek professional medical advice.