Conjunctivitis, commonly referred to as “pink eye,” is an inflammation or infection of the conjunctiva, the transparent membrane covering the white part of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelids. While viral forms often clear up without specific treatment, bacterial conjunctivitis requires antibiotic medication, frequently in the form of an eye ointment. Ointments are favored because their thicker, semi-solid nature allows the medication to remain in contact with the eye surface for a longer duration compared to traditional eye drops. This extended contact time helps to effectively deliver the active ingredients and expedite the healing process, making proper application technique essential for successful recovery.
Essential Preparation Steps
Meticulous hand hygiene is necessary to prevent cross-contamination before touching the medication tube or the affected eye. Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, then dry them completely with a clean towel. Check the medication tube to confirm the name, expiration date, and that the tip is clean and intact. If the tube tip has touched any surface, it is considered contaminated and should not be used, as this can spread bacteria directly into the eye.
The final preparatory step involves either tilting the head back while seated or lying down comfortably on your back. This positioning uses gravity to your advantage, making it easier to expose the lower eyelid and keep the ointment in place after application. If applying the ointment to a child, having them lie down can help stabilize their head and minimize sudden movements during the procedure. If you are also using eye drops, apply them at least 10 minutes before the ointment to allow the drops to be absorbed without the ointment acting as a barrier.
Step-by-Step Ointment Application
Begin by gently pulling down the lower eyelid using one finger placed just below the lash line to create the conjunctival sac, the small pocket where the ointment must be placed. Hold the ointment tube in your other hand, keeping the tip approximately half an inch away from the eye to avoid accidental contact with the lashes or the eye’s surface.
Carefully squeeze the tube to dispense a thin ribbon of ointment directly into the exposed conjunctival sac, starting from the inner corner near the nose and moving toward the outer corner. The length of this ribbon is typically small, often advised by a doctor to be about one-quarter to one-half an inch (one centimeter). After dispensing the prescribed amount, rotate the tube slightly to detach the ribbon of ointment cleanly from the tip.
Once the medication is in place, release the lower eyelid and gently close the eye without squeezing or rubbing. Keeping the eye closed for 30 to 60 seconds allows the body heat to melt the ointment, ensuring it spreads across the cornea and conjunctiva. Gently rolling the eyeball while the lid is closed can further aid in distributing the medication evenly over the entire surface of the eye.
Post-Application Safety and Storage
Temporary blurred vision is common immediately after application because of the ointment’s thick consistency. This blurring indicates the medication is properly coating the eye, but avoid activities like driving or operating machinery until vision clears. If any excess ointment has oozed onto the skin around the eyelids or lashes, gently wipe it away using a clean, fresh tissue without touching the eye itself.
Preventing contamination is an ongoing safety measure; immediately recap the ointment tube tightly after use. Never rinse or wipe the tube tip with anything, as this can introduce bacteria. If the tip touches the eye, lashes, or any other surface, the entire tube may need to be discarded because of the risk of contamination. The majority of eye ointments have a limited in-use shelf life, often needing to be discarded one month after opening, even if some medication remains.
Store the ointment in a cool, dry place, typically below 77°F (25°C), and away from direct sunlight, unless refrigeration is specified. Complete the full course of treatment as prescribed by your doctor, even if your symptoms improve quickly, to ensure the infection is completely eliminated and prevent recurrence. Increased pain, swelling, or worsening symptoms after application are not normal and should prompt a call to your healthcare provider for further guidance.