Denture adhesive is a non-toxic, water-soluble material designed to create a strong, temporary bond between the denture base and the gum tissue. Its primary function is to enhance the stability and retention of an upper denture, improving chewing efficiency and providing greater confidence during speaking. The adhesive works by absorbing moisture, such as saliva, causing its polymers to swell and interlock, which forms a soft, flexible layer for a more comfortable fit. Proper application is paramount, as using too much or too little adhesive directly impacts the appliance’s hold and the wearer’s daily comfort.
Preparing the Denture and Mouth
Before applying any adhesive, a clean surface on both the denture and the mouth is necessary for maximum adherence. The denture itself must be thoroughly cleaned to remove all traces of old adhesive, food particles, and plaque. This is typically done using a soft-bristled brush and a non-abrasive denture cleanser. Residual adhesive from the previous day can prevent the new application from creating an effective seal, resulting in a weaker hold.
For cream-based adhesives, the denture should generally be slightly damp, while powder adhesives often require a completely dry surface. This difference is because the adhesive needs to hydrate to activate its bonding properties, but too much moisture can dilute its effectiveness. Concurrently, the gums and palate should also be cleaned by gently wiping them with a soft cloth or brushing them with a soft toothbrush. This removes leftover adhesive residue and promotes healthy oral tissue.
Applying the Adhesive to the Upper Denture
The upper denture presents a large surface area, including the palate, and requires a specific application pattern to ensure a secure hold without excess overflow. When using a cream adhesive, apply three to four small dabs, roughly the size of a pencil eraser, or thin, short lines across the fitting surface. These lines should follow the ridge of the denture, avoiding the outer edges. This prevents the adhesive from oozing out when the denture is seated.
It is important to leave the center of the palate portion clear of adhesive, concentrating the application near the edges where the seal is formed and retention is needed. Placing adhesive too far back on the palate can lead to it squeezing out into the throat. This may cause gagging or an unpleasant taste. If using a powder, lightly dust the entire fitting surface and shake off any loose excess before moistening the denture slightly for placement.
Seating and Securing the Upper Denture
Once the adhesive is correctly applied, the upper denture should be seated into the mouth with a deliberate, firm motion. Press the denture up and slightly back into its final position on the upper ridge. This pressure helps to evenly distribute the adhesive into a thin, uniform layer between the denture and the gum tissue.
After seating, gently bite down for about 10 to 30 seconds to fully activate the adhesive and create the necessary vacuum seal. The momentary pressure allows the adhesive polymers to begin expanding and interlocking with the oral tissues. Avoid eating or drinking for at least five to ten minutes following placement. This gives the adhesive adequate time to set and establish its strongest bond for the day.
Daily Removal and Cleaning
At the end of the day, the upper denture must be removed to allow the oral tissues to rest and to perform thorough cleaning. To safely break the seal, first rinse the mouth with warm water, which helps to soften the adhesive. Gently rock the denture side-to-side or pull down and forward to release the vacuum seal from the palate.
Once removed, use a soft-bristled brush and a denture cleanser to scrub off all adhesive residue from the denture’s fitting surface and grooves. Any remaining adhesive can trap bacteria and compromise the fit during the next application. Simultaneously, clean the gums and the roof of the mouth with a soft toothbrush or a damp cloth to remove any adhesive film. Afterward, soak the denture overnight in a suitable cleaning solution.