Glucose gel is an over-the-counter product composed of dextrose and water, designed to quickly elevate blood sugar levels. Its main purpose is to address hypoglycemia, a condition where blood glucose drops to dangerously low concentrations. This rapid-acting carbohydrate source is particularly useful for individuals, such as those with diabetes, who may experience sudden drops in blood sugar and require immediate intervention to restore balance.
Identifying Low Blood Sugar
Recognizing the signs of low blood sugar, or hypoglycemia, is important for timely intervention. Symptoms of mild to moderate low blood sugar include sudden sweating, cold skin, shakiness, irritability, a fast heartbeat, hunger, blurred vision, dizziness, tingling in the hands or feet, weakness, confusion, anxiety, or lightheadedness.
If hypoglycemia is left untreated, symptoms can progress to more severe manifestations, such as clumsiness, difficulty with coordination, slurred speech, disorientation, seizures, or even loss of consciousness. While glucose gel is generally used for mild to moderate episodes, it is sometimes administered in emergencies when a person with diabetes experiences a significant drop in blood sugar. Some individuals with diabetes may also experience “hypoglycemia unawareness,” where they do not notice symptoms until their blood sugar is dangerously low.
Administering Glucose Gel
Administering glucose gel requires careful attention to ensure effectiveness and safety. Before opening, confirm the expiration date on the tube. Once ready, twist or snap off the cap of the single-use tube. The typical dose for an adult is around 15 grams of glucose, often found in a single tube.
For a conscious individual, the gel can be placed directly inside the cheek or under the tongue. Gently massaging the outside of the cheek can help promote faster absorption through the buccal mucosa, the lining of the mouth. While some absorption occurs in the mouth, swallowing the gel allows for further absorption in the small intestine, contributing to a quicker rise in blood sugar. Glucose gel should not be administered if the person is unconscious or unable to swallow safely, as this poses a choking risk. In such cases, immediate medical attention is necessary.
After Administration
After administering glucose gel, monitor the individual’s response closely. Observe their symptoms for improvement, as blood sugar levels should begin to rise within 10 to 15 minutes. Recheck blood sugar levels using a glucose meter approximately 10 to 15 minutes after administration to confirm if the blood sugar has increased sufficiently.
If blood sugar levels remain low or symptoms do not improve, a second dose of glucose gel may be administered. Once blood sugar levels have normalized, typically above 4 mmol/L (or 70 mg/dL), follow up with a more sustained source of carbohydrates, such as a snack or meal, to help stabilize blood sugar and prevent another drop. This could include crackers, cheese, a sandwich, or milk. If symptoms worsen, do not improve within 20 minutes, or if the person loses consciousness, seek emergency medical attention immediately.