The correct adjustment of a walking cane is important for maintaining balance and preventing injuries. Using a cane that is too long can cause shoulder strain and discomfort. Conversely, a cane that is too short may cause the user to lean over, compromising balance and increasing the risk of a fall. Proper sizing ensures the device acts as a supportive extension of the body, allowing for a safer and more efficient walking pattern.
Determining the Correct Height: The Wrist Rule
The most reliable method for finding the ideal cane height is the “Wrist Rule.” The user should stand upright on a flat surface while wearing the shoes they intend to use most often with the cane, as heel height alters the required length. With the arm hanging relaxed at the side, the top of the cane handle should align precisely with the crease of the wrist. This alignment point is the ulnar styloid, the prominent bony bump on the side of the wrist nearest the little finger. This measurement ensures the arm is in a natural, unstrained position when gripping the cane.
Step-by-Step Cane Adjustment
Once the target height is determined, the adjustment process begins. Most modern canes are adjustable metal models featuring two telescoping sections. First, locate the anti-rattle collar just below the handle and turn it counter-clockwise to loosen it.
Next, locate and press the spring-loaded adjustment pin on the lower shaft. While holding the pin down, slide the bottom section up or down until the desired height is reached. The adjustment holes are typically spaced in one-inch increments. The user will hear a distinct “click” when the pin fully engages and locks into a new hole. Ensure the pin is completely visible through the adjustment hole, confirming the cane is securely locked. Tighten the anti-rattle collar by twisting it clockwise. This secures the two sections together, preventing the cane from wobbling or rattling during use.
Post-Adjustment: Grip and Walking Technique
After the cane is adjusted and locked into place, a final check confirms the fit is correct. When the user grasps the handle, a slight bend in the elbow should be present, ideally between 15 and 20 degrees. This angle provides leverage for weight bearing and prevents the elbow from locking out or the shoulder from shrugging upward.
For proper support, the cane should be held in the hand opposite the affected or weaker leg. This placement replicates the natural walking pattern. When walking, the cane moves forward simultaneously with the weaker leg, providing a stable base of support before the stronger leg steps through. Using the cane on the stronger side unloads the affected limb, reducing stress on the injury.