The Kalanchoe is a popular flowering houseplant belonging to the succulent family, known for its thick, water-storing leaves and vibrant blooms. Precise watering is the single most important factor for maintaining the plant’s health and preventing common issues like root rot. Instead of relying on a fixed schedule, observing the plant’s environment and the moisture level of the soil is the only reliable guide for when to apply water.
The Key Indicator for Watering
The key to watering a Kalanchoe lies in consistently performing a simple soil dryness test. Since the Kalanchoe stores water in its fleshy leaves, waiting is always a better choice than watering too soon, which is the most common mistake.
To determine if the plant is thirsty, insert a finger about two inches deep into the potting mix. The plant should only be watered when the top one to two inches of soil feel completely dry to the touch. This indicates the soil is no longer holding excessive moisture, minimizing the risk of fungal growth. Allowing the soil to become completely dry is necessary, but avoid letting the plant sit in a bone-dry state for weeks, which can cause the leaves to shrivel.
Seasonal Adjustments to Watering Frequency
While the soil test remains the constant indicator, the frequency of watering changes significantly throughout the year due to environmental factors. During the active growing season (spring and summer), the plant is metabolically active and requires water more frequently. Increased light and warmer temperatures may require watering approximately every one to two weeks.
As the seasons transition into fall and winter, the Kalanchoe enters a period of rest or dormancy, and its water needs drop substantially. Lower light levels and cooler indoor temperatures slow the plant’s growth and reduce the rate of water evaporation from the soil. During these cooler months, significantly reduce the watering frequency, sometimes cutting it in half or more. It is not uncommon for a Kalanchoe to require water only every three to four weeks during the winter.
Proper Watering Method and Technique
Once the soil dryness test confirms the Kalanchoe needs water, the method of application is important to ensure proper hydration. The correct technique involves a “deep soaking” that thoroughly saturates the soil mass. Pour water slowly and evenly over the surface until it runs freely out of the pot’s drainage holes.
This deep watering encourages the roots to grow downward, creating a strong root system, and helps flush out accumulated mineral salts from the soil. After the water has finished draining, immediately empty the saucer or cachepot so the plant is not left sitting in standing water. Kalanchoe plants thrive in well-draining soil, such as a succulent or cactus mix, which facilitates rapid drainage.
Recognizing Watering Mistakes
Troubleshooting problems requires recognizing the symptoms of incorrect watering practices. Overwatering is the most common cause of Kalanchoe decline and typically presents with leaves that become yellow, mushy, or translucent. The stem may feel soft to the touch due to the onset of root rot.
Conversely, an underwatered Kalanchoe shows signs of depleted internal water reserves, causing its usually plump leaves to appear shriveled, wrinkled, or crispy. If neglected for too long, the leaves may also begin to droop or drop off. The corrective action for an underwatered plant is a thorough soaking. For an overwatered plant, stop watering immediately and allow the soil to dry completely, potentially repotting if root rot is advanced.