Cryotherapy, or wart freezing, is a common and effective method for removing warts, which are growths on the skin caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). This treatment involves applying extreme cold, typically liquid nitrogen, to the wart, causing infected cells to freeze and die. It destroys wart tissue and also stimulates an immune response against the virus, potentially reducing future outbreaks.
Determining Treatment Frequency
The frequency of wart freezing treatments depends on factors such as the wart’s size, location, type, and individual response. Smaller, newer warts may require one to two sessions for complete removal. Larger or older warts may need three to five sessions, typically spaced one to three weeks apart.
Healthcare providers recommend an interval of two to four weeks between cryotherapy sessions for healing and to assess effectiveness. Some studies suggest weekly applications may lead to faster resolution, though the total number of treatments might be similar.
The Treatment Experience and Aftercare
During a cryotherapy session, liquid nitrogen is applied directly to the wart using a cotton swab, spray, or probe. It typically lasts between 10 and 30 seconds. Patients describe a stinging sensation, similar to frostbite, followed by a hot or burning feeling as the skin thaws.
Immediately after treatment, the wart area may turn white or gray and feel numb. Within 24 hours, a blister often forms around or under the treated wart; it can be clear or blood-filled. The area may also experience redness, swelling, and mild discomfort for a few days. Over the next week, the blister dries, forms a scab, and falls off, revealing new skin.
Aftercare is important for healing and to prevent virus spread. Keep the treated area clean and dry. If a blister forms, it should not be popped. If it breaks, clean the area gently and apply an antiseptic ointment and bandage. Avoid picking at the scab, as this can delay healing and spread the wart virus.
Knowing When to Seek Professional Help
While over-the-counter freezing kits are available, professional medical help for wart removal is recommended in certain situations. If a wart is large, painful, or located in sensitive areas such as the face, genitals, or near the mouth, consult a doctor. These locations require treatment to minimize scarring or complications.
Consult a dermatologist if the diagnosis is uncertain, as other skin growths can mimic warts. If warts spread rapidly, appear in clusters, or if self-treatment fails after several months, professional intervention is needed. Individuals with weakened immune systems or chronic conditions like diabetes should seek professional guidance before any wart treatments.