Hearing aids are sophisticated electronic devices designed to improve sound perception, yet they are constantly exposed to the challenging environment of the ear canal. Earwax (cerumen), body moisture, and oils make regular maintenance necessary. Without consistent care, this buildup can clog microphones and receivers, leading to noticeable degradation in sound quality, such as muffled audio or distortion. A consistent cleaning routine prevents debris accumulation, which can cause components to malfunction, thereby extending the overall lifespan of the device.
Daily and Weekly Cleaning Requirements
Cleaning your hearing aids requires both a mandatory nightly routine and deeper, periodic cleaning to maintain peak performance. The best practice is to perform a quick cleaning every evening after removing the devices, allowing them to air out overnight. This daily ritual focuses on removing fresh earwax and moisture accumulated throughout the day before it hardens and causes blockages. This quick cleaning involves gently wiping the entire surface of the hearing aid with a clean, soft, dry cloth or tissue.
The weekly cleaning regimen builds upon the daily routine by targeting areas that require a more focused effort. Approximately once a week, inspect the wax guard or filter and replace it if it is discolored or clogged. For devices with domes or ear molds, perform a deeper cleaning of these components to clear stubborn deposits. This maintenance ensures that sound pathways remain completely clear, which is important for maintaining the clarity of high-frequency sounds.
Professional cleaning is required for optimal device function. Audiologists possess specialized tools, such as miniature vacuums, that safely remove debris lodged deep within the inner workings. Schedule a professional deep cleaning and maintenance check every six months to a year. This periodic service helps identify potential issues early and ensures internal components, such as microphone screens and vents, are free from obstructions impossible to clear at home.
Specific Cleaning Techniques for Different Hearing Aid Types
The physical cleaning procedure varies depending on the style of your hearing aid, particularly between models worn inside the ear and those worn behind the ear. When cleaning, always hold the device with the sound opening facing downward while brushing. This technique allows gravity to pull loose particles out, preventing them from falling deeper into the internal electronics.
Behind-The-Ear (BTE) Models
For Behind-The-Ear (BTE) models, the earmold or dome is the primary focus of cleaning. The earmold can often be detached from the tubing for a thorough cleaning, sometimes involving a soak in warm, soapy water to loosen hardened buildup. After soaking, use a bulb blower to force all moisture out of the tubing before reattaching it to the main hearing aid body. The main body of the BTE device, which houses the microphone and battery, should only be gently brushed and wiped with a dry cloth.
In-The-Ear (ITE), In-The-Canal (ITC), and Receiver-in-Canal (RIC) Models
In-The-Ear (ITE), In-The-Canal (ITC), and Receiver-in-Canal (RIC) models require focused attention on the sound outlets and vents. After gently brushing the surface, use a specialized wax pick or wire loop tool to carefully scoop out any remaining earwax from the small openings. For RIC devices, the dome must be thoroughly wiped down, and the wax guard, which protects the receiver, must be checked and replaced using the provided insertion tool. The cleaning tool’s wire loop end removes the old wax filter, and the opposite end presses the new filter into place.
Common Cleaning Mistakes and Preventative Measures
A common error is using household cleaning agents or liquids not specifically designed for the devices. Substances like rubbing alcohol, disinfection wipes, or general household sprays can corrode the delicate internal electronic components and damage the casing. Submerging any part of the electronic component in water, even briefly, can lead to irreparable damage from moisture infiltration. Only detachable earmolds should ever be exposed to water, and only with a mild soap solution.
Another common mistake involves using inappropriate tools. Items like cotton swabs, paper towels, or sharp objects should be avoided because they can shed fibers that clog ports or push earwax deeper into the device. Rely solely on the specialized brushes and wax removal tools provided by the manufacturer or hearing care professional. Always handle your hearing aids over a soft surface, such as a towel or your lap, to prevent damage from accidental drops.
To manage moisture, which is a leading cause of hearing aid malfunction, use a desiccant jar or an electronic drying unit overnight. This practice removes internal moisture, such as condensation from sweat and humidity, that a simple wipe cannot reach, preventing corrosion. Always remove the hearing aids before engaging in activities involving water, such as showering or swimming, and avoid exposing them to extreme temperature fluctuations.