A tree burl is an abnormal growth on a tree trunk or root, often appearing as a rounded, warty protrusion. This growth results from the tree’s reaction to stress, injury, or a pathogen, causing the cambium layer to produce disorganized wood grain. Woodworkers prize burls for this complex, chaotic internal structure, known as “figure,” which creates unique visual patterns. The financial worth of a burl is highly variable, ranging from a few dollars for small, common pieces to tens of thousands for massive, high-quality specimens.
What Determines the Value of a Burl?
The species of the tree is the most significant factor influencing a burl’s potential value. Burls from rare hardwoods or highly sought-after species command the highest prices, specifically those from Redwood, Black Walnut, and certain Maples. Redwood burls, particularly “lace” or “old growth” varieties, are valued for their rich color and intricate patterns, often fetching premium prices compared to burls from common species like Oak or Elm.
Physical characteristics like the size and shape heavily influence a burl’s commercial utility. Larger burls are more desirable because they can be cut into substantial, one-piece slabs suitable for high-end furniture like conference tables or bar tops. A large, intact, and symmetrical round burl is valued higher than several smaller, irregular pieces because it offers maximum flexibility to the end user. Clean extraction, where the burl is removed with minimal damage and retains its full, dome-like shape, also contributes to a higher final price.
Internal characteristics, known as the “figure quality,” determine the aesthetic and functional grade of the wood. The presence of tight, swirling grain, clustered “eyes” (pin knots), or pronounced “lace” patterns significantly increases the value. Conversely, internal defects drastically reduce worth; rot, large drying cracks, deep bark inclusions, or excessive voids lower the grade from A-class to C-class material. Buyers must often cut a small window into the burl to inspect this internal quality before committing to a purchase price.
The condition of the burl when sold also plays a role in its market value. A freshly cut, or “green,” burl contains high moisture content and is prone to extensive checking and cracking as it dries, which introduces risk for the buyer. Air-dried or kiln-dried material, which is stable and ready for immediate use, commands a much higher price because the drying risks have been mitigated. Clean extraction and proper sealing of cut ends help prevent degradation and maximize the eventual yield of usable wood.
Understanding Burl Pricing Structures
Burls are typically sold using three main pricing models, depending on the buyer and the burl’s size. Smaller burls, often destined for woodturning blanks, are frequently priced by weight, usually on a per-pound basis. Raw burl wood prices for more common species can start as low as \\(1.80 to \\)5.00 per pound.
The board foot method is the standard for large burls that will be cut into slabs for tables or countertops. A board foot is a measure equal to a piece of wood 12 inches long, 12 inches wide, and 1 inch thick. Prices for figured burl slabs vary widely; common Oak burl ranges from \\(6 to \\)15 per board foot, while high-grade Redwood burl or highly figured Maple can easily exceed \\(50 per board foot.
Unique or extremely large burls that are difficult to measure accurately may be sold for a single, negotiated lump sum. The most massive burls, such as those from large Black Walnut trees, can sell for lump sums exceeding \\)10,000, reflecting the rarity and potential yield of premium veneer or slabs. The final price is often discounted because of the inherent uncertainty in converting the raw, irregular shape into a usable volume of defect-free lumber.
Selling Burls Legally and Effectively
Selling a burl requires careful attention to legal considerations before harvesting. It is imperative to secure proper written permission from the landowner before cutting a burl from private property. For burls on public lands, such as state or federal forests, specific permits are required, and harvesting without them can result in significant fines or legal action.
To find the best buyer, target specialized markets rather than general sawmills. Primary buyers include high-end veneer mills, custom furniture makers, and specialized wood dealers who understand the value of the unique figure. Woodturners and craftspeople are excellent customers for smaller pieces and can often be reached through online marketplaces or specialized woodworking forums.
Preparation is necessary to maximize the selling price of the raw burl material. After safe extraction, the burl should be cleaned of dirt and debris, and any large, loose pieces of bark should be removed. Taking clear photographs and accurate measurements of the burl’s diameter and depth allows potential buyers to assess the size and figure before seeing the piece in person. This preparation helps build confidence in the material and supports a higher valuation.