Postpartum bleeding, known medically as lochia, is the natural discharge of blood, mucus, and tissue that occurs as the uterus heals after childbirth. This process happens regardless of whether the delivery was vaginal or via C-section, as it primarily involves the site where the placenta was attached. Managing this discharge requires the use of external absorbent products. Internal products like tampons or menstrual cups are not safe to use during this time, as they can introduce bacteria into the healing uterus and increase the risk of infection. Preparation involves understanding the changing nature of lochia and stocking the correct absorbent items for each stage of recovery.
The Stages of Postpartum Bleeding
Lochia follows a defined progression in color and volume, reflecting the stages of uterine healing. The initial discharge is called Lochia Rubra and lasts for approximately three to four days following delivery. This flow is the heaviest, characterized by bright or dark red blood, and may include small blood clots from the shedding of the uterine lining.
Around day four postpartum, the discharge transitions to Lochia Serosa, which typically lasts until day ten or twelve. The flow becomes noticeably lighter, and the color changes to a pinkish-brown or watery consistency. This shift indicates that the blood content has decreased, and the discharge now contains more white blood cells and wound fluid.
The final stage is Lochia Alba, which can continue for up to six weeks postpartum, although the duration varies widely among individuals. At this point, the discharge is minimal, appearing yellowish-white or creamy. This final discharge consists mostly of white blood cells and cellular debris, signaling the near-complete healing of the uterine lining.
Pad Types for Each Flow Level
The intensity of postpartum bleeding requires specialized products that differ from regular menstrual pads. For the heavy flow of the initial Lochia Rubra phase, high-absorbency maternity pads are necessary. These pads are longer, wider, and thicker than standard maxi pads, and often lack the plastic coating found on traditional pads. This design makes them softer and gentler for a sensitive perineal area or stitches.
Many individuals also find disposable mesh underwear or high-absorbency adult diapers helpful during the first few days. These garments comfortably hold the large maternity pad in place and provide full coverage security for the heaviest flow, accommodating any post-delivery swelling or tenderness.
As the bleeding lessens and transitions into the Lochia Serosa phase, you can move to a slightly less bulky, yet still highly absorbent, standard maxi pad. Once the discharge reaches the final, light stage of Lochia Alba, a simple panty liner is sufficient for daily protection. Match the absorbency and size of the product to the current flow level to maintain skin integrity and prevent leaks.
Calculating Your Postpartum Pad Supply
Preparing your pad supply involves estimating usage across the three flow phases for a typical six-week recovery period.
During the initial, heavy Lochia Rubra phase (Days 1–3), you will need to change pads every one to three hours. This translates to a daily usage of 8 to 12 maximum-absorbency maternity pads, requiring a total of 24 to 36 pads for the first three days.
For the subsequent moderate flow of the Lochia Serosa phase (Days 4–10), the changing frequency decreases to every three to four hours. Plan for a daily consumption of 5 to 8 standard-sized maxi pads, totaling 35 to 56 pads for that week-long period.
As bleeding slows further into the final Lochia Alba stage (Weeks 2–6), usage drops to 2 to 4 panty liners or light pads per day.
To prepare for the entire six-week recovery, a recommended minimum purchase should include:
- Two to three packs of specialized, high-absorbency maternity pads.
- Two to three large packs of standard maxi pads for the medium flow.
- One to two boxes of absorbent panty liners for the final weeks of spotting.
This assortment ensures you have the proper product for the full spectrum of your body’s healing process.