Cilantro, also known by its seed form, coriander, is a vibrant herb frequently grown from seed. A common question arises regarding the precise number of seeds to sow in a single spot. Understanding the specific nature of the cilantro seed and its germination habits is the first step toward a successful harvest. This guide details the practical planting strategy that maximizes your yield.
Recommended Seeding Density
Planting multiple seeds per hole is standard practice due to the unique structure of the seed and its moderate germination rate. The small, round “seed” is technically a fruit husk, or schizocarp, which typically contains two separate seeds inside. Since not all husks sprout successfully, planting multiple seeds justifies a higher initial density.
Aim to plant between three to five husks in a single planting spot. The seeds should be covered lightly with soil, ideally at a shallow depth of about one-quarter to one-half inch. This strategy ensures that at least one or two viable seedlings emerge from each location, compensating for seeds that fail to germinate.
Once the seeds are sown, focus on spacing the planting locations correctly to allow for mature growth. For a continuous harvest of leaves, space these clusters of seeds approximately six to eight inches apart. This distance provides adequate room for root development and air circulation, which helps prevent disease.
Essential Soil Preparation
Preparing the growing environment before planting is essential for the herb’s success and helps delay premature flowering. Cilantro requires well-draining soil that prevents water from pooling around the root system, as saturated conditions can quickly lead to rot. Incorporating organic matter, such as compost, improves both drainage and soil fertility.
The herb thrives in slightly acidic to neutral soil, with an ideal pH range between 6.2 and 6.8. Testing the soil and amending it as needed to meet this range provides a strong foundation for the plant’s health. While cilantro prefers full sun, in regions with high summer temperatures, a location that receives afternoon shade is beneficial to prevent stress. Cilantro is a cool-season annual, performing best when air temperatures remain between 50°F and 75°F.
Managing Excess Seedlings Through Thinning
Planting multiple seeds per hole makes thinning a requirement for healthy plant development. Thinning involves carefully removing the weaker seedlings to ensure the strongest plant has sufficient space and resources to mature fully. Failing to thin leads to overcrowded plants that compete for light, water, and nutrients, resulting in leggy growth and lower yields.
The ideal time to thin is once the seedlings have developed their first set of true leaves, which are the leaves that look like miniature cilantro foliage. To thin safely, use small scissors or snips to cut the unwanted seedlings at the soil line. It is important to snip rather than pull, because pulling can disturb and damage the roots of the neighboring plants.
Ongoing Care and Harvesting
Consistent moisture is necessary for the plant, especially during the germination and early growth stages, so the soil should be kept evenly moist but never waterlogged. Cilantro generally requires about one inch of water per week, which may need to be adjusted based on weather conditions and whether the plant is in a container or in the ground. Overwatering is a common mistake that can lead to fungal issues and root damage.
Heat stress is the primary trigger for the plant to “bolt,” or send up a flower stalk, which rapidly reduces flavor and leaf production. Temperatures consistently above 75°F often initiate this process. To delay bolting, use a shade cloth during the hottest parts of the day or mulch the soil to help keep the roots cool.
Regular harvesting encourages continued leaf production and extends the plant’s usable life. Begin harvesting when the plant is approximately six inches tall, taking only the outer leaves and stems first. Snip the stems about one to two inches above the crown, ensuring you never remove more than one-third of the foliage at any single time. This technique encourages new growth from the center, providing a steady supply of fresh leaves.