Black bears, once absent from Ohio, have been steadily returning to the state. These animals, scientifically known as Ursus americanus, were extirpated by the mid-1800s due to extensive deforestation and unregulated hunting. Despite their historical absence, occasional sightings began to emerge in the 1930s, becoming more frequent by the late 20th century. Their notable comeback re-establishes their presence as a natural part of Ohio’s wildlife.
Ohio’s Black Bear Population and Where They Live
Ohio’s black bear population is estimated to range between 50 and 100 individuals. Due to their low density, the Ohio Department of Natural Resources (ODNR) primarily monitors trends in reported observations to gauge their presence and distribution. The resurgence of these bears is largely attributed to natural re-colonization from robust populations in neighboring Pennsylvania and West Virginia.
Bears typically expand their range into Ohio’s eastern regions, which offer suitable forested habitats. Northeastern counties like Ashtabula, Trumbull, and Mahoning consistently report active bears. Southeastern counties such as Hocking, Vinton, and Athens also experience frequent sightings. These areas provide the dense wooded cover and ample food sources that black bears prefer. While less common, bears can occasionally be sighted in central and western Ohio, often young males dispersing from their birth areas in search of new territories and mates. The confirmed presence of female bears with cubs in northeast Ohio signifies an established breeding population.
Living Alongside Black Bears in Ohio
The Ohio Department of Natural Resources (ODNR) actively manages the state’s black bear population. They rely on public reports of sightings, tracked since 1993, to monitor bear movements and distribution. The ODNR also conducts research, including collaring female black bears with GPS devices, to gain insights into their habitat use, reproductive patterns, and expansion within Ohio. This research informs conservation efforts and public education.
To minimize conflicts with black bears, Ohio residents can adopt several preventive measures. Secure all garbage in bear-resistant containers or store it inside a garage until collection. Remove outdoor food sources like bird feeders, as seeds are highly attractive. Keep pet food indoors, and thoroughly clean and store outdoor grills to eliminate food odors.
If an encounter with a black bear occurs, remain calm and avoid running. Speak in a firm, calm voice and slowly back away, allowing the bear an escape route. Make yourself appear larger by raising arms and making noise, such as clapping or shouting, to deter an approaching bear. The ODNR encourages reporting black bear observations, including photos or videos, via wildohio.gov or the HuntFish OH mobile app, as these reports are crucial for monitoring.