Choking in an infant occurs when an object obstructs their airway. Immediate action is crucial to prevent severe consequences. This article outlines steps for assisting a responsive infant who is choking.
Identifying Choking in Infants
Recognizing the signs of choking in an infant is crucial. A responsive infant may exhibit a silent cough, struggle to breathe, or be unable to cry or make sounds. Other indicators include noisy breathing, such as wheezing or gasping, or a bluish skin color. Distinguish between effective coughing, where the infant can still move air, and ineffective choking, characterized by minimal or no air movement and an inability to vocalize.
If the infant can cough forcefully or cry loudly, they may clear the obstruction independently, and intervention should be avoided. However, if the cough is weak or silent, or if the infant cannot breathe, cry, or make sounds, immediate action is necessary to dislodge the object.
Executing Back Slaps and Chest Thrusts
For a responsive, choking infant, perform five back slaps followed by five chest thrusts. Position the infant face down along your forearm, using your thigh for support, with their head lower than their chest. Support their head and neck by cradling their jaw. Deliver five firm back slaps between the infant’s shoulder blades using the heel of your free hand to dislodge the object.
If the object is not dislodged, carefully turn the infant face up onto your other forearm, maintaining head support and keeping their head lower than their chest. Place two fingers in the center of the infant’s chest, just below the nipple line. Administer five rapid, downward chest thrusts, compressing the chest about 1.5 inches deep, to expel air and force the obstruction out.
Alternate these techniques continuously until the object is expelled, the infant breathes, cries, or coughs effectively, or becomes unresponsive. After each set, check the infant’s mouth for the object and remove it if clearly visible. Avoid blind finger sweeps, which could push the object further down.
Continuing Care for a Choking Infant
If the airway remains obstructed, continue alternating five back slaps and five chest thrusts without interruption. Consistency in these actions is key to dislodging the obstruction.
Simultaneously, contact emergency medical services. If alone, perform back slaps and chest thrusts for two minutes (approximately five cycles) before calling for help. If another person is present, have them call emergency services immediately while you continue care. Should the infant become unresponsive, initiate CPR protocols.
Even if the object is dislodged and the infant recovers, seeking medical attention is recommended. A healthcare provider can assess for potential internal injuries or ensure no fragments remain in the airway.