Having a tooth extracted is a common dental procedure, and it is natural to be concerned about bleeding. After a tooth is removed, some bleeding is an expected part of the body’s natural response to injury. This bleeding is essential for forming a blood clot, which is fundamental for proper healing. Understanding what to expect can alleviate anxiety and guide post-operative care.
Typical Bleeding Duration and Appearance
Bleeding is a normal physiological process after a tooth extraction, beginning immediately as blood vessels are severed. The body forms a blood clot in the empty socket, essential for protecting exposed bone and nerves and facilitating new tissue growth. Bleeding typically involves oozing and gradually diminishes within the first few hours. Mild to moderate bleeding is common for the first 24 hours, often appearing as light red or pinkish saliva due to mixing with saliva.
Bleeding should gradually reduce to a slight oozing or blood-tinged saliva for up to 24 to 48 hours. The blood clot, crucial for healing, typically forms within a few hours and should appear as a dark red or brownish scab in the socket. Factors like the size of the extracted tooth, the complexity of the procedure, and individual healing capabilities can influence the duration and amount of bleeding. Vigorous activities or certain medical conditions, such as coagulation disorders or medications, can also affect the clotting process.
Steps to Control Bleeding
Applying firm, continuous pressure controls bleeding. Immediately after extraction, your dentist will place a sterile gauze pad over the site; bite down gently but firmly for 30 to 60 minutes. This pressure aids in the formation of a stable blood clot. If bleeding persists, replace the gauze with a fresh, slightly damp piece and continue applying pressure for another 30 minutes; damp gauze helps prevent the clot from sticking when removed.
Elevating your head, especially when resting or sleeping, helps reduce blood flow and pressure to the extraction site, minimizing bleeding. Avoid actions that create suction, as these can dislodge the blood clot. This includes refraining from spitting forcefully, rinsing vigorously, or drinking through a straw for at least 24 to 72 hours. Avoid hot liquids and strenuous physical activity for at least 24 to 48 hours, as these can increase blood pressure and disrupt the clotting process.
When to Contact Your Dentist
While some bleeding is expected, contact your dentist or oral surgeon if certain signs appear. Seek professional advice if bleeding is heavy and continuous, soaking through multiple gauze pads within an hour, or worsens after 24 hours. Experiencing persistent bleeding beyond 24 hours, despite following post-operative instructions, is a reason for concern.
Also contact your dental professional immediately if you pass large blood clots, feel lightheaded or dizzy from blood loss, or notice infection signs like fever, chills, or pus draining from the site. Severe pain that does not subside with prescribed medication or swelling that worsens after 48 hours also warrants an immediate call. These symptoms could indicate complications like a dislodged blood clot or an infection requiring prompt attention.