Compression socks are specialized garments designed to apply gentle pressure to the lower legs after knee replacement surgery. They help manage physiological changes and support a smoother healing process.
Duration of Use
The duration for wearing compression socks after knee replacement surgery varies considerably based on individual recovery and a surgeon’s recommendations. As a general guideline, many patients are advised to wear them for 2 to 3 weeks post-surgery to reduce swelling and prevent blood clots. Some recommendations extend this period to 4 to 6 weeks for optimal results, particularly during waking hours.
During the initial hospital stay, compression socks are typically worn continuously, day and night. Upon discharge, patients may be instructed to wear them daily and remove them before bedtime, continuing until swelling subsides, often 10 to 30 days. Patients at higher risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) due to their medical history may be advised to wear graduated compression socks for an extended period, potentially up to 12 weeks. Ultimately, the decision on how long to wear compression socks is personalized, made in consultation with a healthcare provider who considers the patient’s condition and surgical details.
Purpose of Compression Socks
Compression socks are prescribed after knee replacement surgery to prevent deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and reduce swelling. DVT involves blood clot formation in deep veins, most commonly in the legs, which can lead to serious complications if a clot travels to the lungs. The gentle pressure from these socks encourages consistent blood flow and reduces blood pooling, lowering the risk of clot formation.
These socks also manage post-operative swelling around the knee and lower leg, a common occurrence that can hinder mobility and delay healing. By applying external pressure, compression socks control fluid buildup, easing discomfort and supporting faster recovery. This improved circulation aids healing, especially when mobility is restricted in early recovery.
Proper Application and Care
Proper application of compression socks ensures effectiveness and comfort. Ensure legs are completely dry before application, as moisture creates friction. Sit comfortably, gather the stocking from top to heel, insert the foot, and gradually roll it up the leg, ensuring it is not twisted. Smooth out any wrinkles to prevent uneven pressure and maintain circulation.
Caring for compression socks helps maintain their elasticity and effectiveness. Daily washing is preferred, or at least every two days, using a mild detergent without harsh chemicals or bleach. Hand washing is generally gentler, but machine washing on a delicate or gentle cycle with cold or warm water is acceptable.
After washing, gently press out excess water with a towel, avoiding wringing or twisting. Air dry them by laying them flat or hanging them. Avoiding direct heat sources like dryers or radiators is important, as high heat can damage the elastic fibers.
When to Seek Medical Advice
Patients should contact their healthcare provider if they experience certain signs or symptoms while wearing compression socks after knee replacement surgery. Increased swelling, persistent pain, or new discomfort in the leg requires evaluation. Skin irritation, redness, or signs of a rash beneath the sock warrant medical attention, as these could suggest an improper fit or allergic reaction.
Numbness, tingling, or a noticeable coldness in the toes or foot are serious indicators that blood flow is restricted and require immediate medical consultation. If patients have questions about the appropriate duration of wear or wish to discontinue use, they should consult their surgeon for personalized guidance. Stopping compression therapy too early, especially within the first few weeks, can increase the risk of complications such as DVT and a return of swelling.