Fluoride is a naturally occurring mineral that plays a significant role in maintaining strong teeth and preventing cavities. It works by integrating with tooth enamel, the hard, outer surface of your teeth. This process strengthens the enamel, making it more resilient to acid attacks produced by bacteria when they break down sugars.
This strengthened enamel resists demineralization, the loss of minerals from the tooth surface and the initial stage of cavity development. Fluoride also aids in remineralization, helping to deposit new minerals back into weakened enamel. This dual action helps keep teeth healthy and reduces the risk of decay.
Using Fluoride Toothpaste
When brushing with fluoride toothpaste, a two-minute duration allows sufficient contact time with your tooth surfaces. For adults and older children, a pea-sized amount of toothpaste is recommended. For very young children, a tiny smear, about the size of a grain of rice, is appropriate to prevent excessive ingestion. This amount ensures effective cleaning and fluoride delivery.
After brushing, spit out excess toothpaste without immediately rinsing your mouth with water. This allows a thin, protective layer of fluoride to remain on the enamel, providing continued benefits. To enhance this protective effect, avoid eating or drinking for at least 30 minutes following brushing, giving the fluoride more time to interact with your teeth.
Applying Fluoride Rinses
For over-the-counter fluoride mouth rinses, the recommendation is to swish the liquid around your mouth for about 30 to 60 seconds before spitting it out. This duration is sufficient for the fluoride to interact with tooth surfaces. Always refer to specific product instructions, as recommended swishing times can vary between brands.
After spitting out the fluoride rinse, avoid rinsing your mouth with water immediately. This allows the fluoride to remain on your teeth and continue strengthening the enamel. To maximize the fluoride’s effectiveness, refrain from eating or drinking for at least 30 minutes following the rinse. Many dental professionals suggest using fluoride rinses once or twice daily, often at a different time than brushing, or as directed by your dentist.
After Professional Fluoride Treatments
Professional fluoride treatments are highly concentrated and require specific post-application care to ensure effectiveness. The waiting period before eating or drinking can vary depending on the type of fluoride applied. For gels or foams, a wait of at least 30 minutes is advised. If a fluoride varnish was applied, which adheres to the teeth and releases fluoride over several hours, it may be recommended to wait longer, often 4 to 6 hours, before consuming hot, crunchy, or sticky foods.
During this post-treatment period, it is recommended to avoid certain foods and beverages that could interfere with the fluoride’s effectiveness. This includes hot drinks, very acidic liquids, crunchy or hard foods, and alcoholic beverages. Brushing and flossing should also be postponed, typically for at least 4 to 6 hours or until the next day, as advised by your dentist, to allow the fluoride to fully integrate with your enamel. The fluoride continues to strengthen and protect your teeth for an extended period following the professional application.