After a tooth extraction, stitches are a common part of the healing process. They support the surgical site and promote recovery. Understanding their purpose and care can help patients.
Purpose of Stitches After Tooth Extraction
Stitches bring the edges of the gum tissue together, closing the extraction site. This closure helps control bleeding by compressing the area and promoting a stable blood clot.
The blood clot in the socket protects underlying bone and nerves. Stitches keep this clot securely in place, preventing complications like dry socket. Sealing the extraction site also reduces the risk of bacteria entering the wound, minimizing infection.
Types of Stitches and Their Expected Duration
Dentists use two types of stitches after a tooth extraction: dissolvable or non-dissolvable sutures. Each type has a different expected duration. The choice depends on the patient’s needs and extraction nature.
Dissolvable stitches break down and are absorbed by the body, requiring no manual removal. These sutures are made from materials like polyglycolic acid, catgut, or polylactic acid. They begin to dissolve within days to a week, with complete dissolution usually occurring within 7 to 10 days, though some can take up to a few weeks.
Non-dissolvable stitches, made from materials such as nylon, silk, or polyester, do not dissolve. They require removal by a dental professional. These stitches are removed about 5 to 7 days after the procedure, though this timeframe can extend to 10-14 days.
Factors Influencing Stitch Retention
The duration stitches remain in place varies based on several factors. Complex extractions, like impacted wisdom teeth removal, may require stitches to stay longer for healing. Individual healing rates also influence how quickly stitches dissolve or how long they are needed.
The extraction’s location can affect healing times. Maintaining good oral hygiene is important; poor hygiene delays healing and compromises stitches. Patient compliance with post-operative instructions, such as avoiding vigorous rinsing or certain foods, also impacts healing and stitch retention.
Caring for the Extraction Site with Stitches
Proper care for the extraction site with stitches promotes healing and prevents complications. Gentle oral hygiene is recommended; avoid brushing directly on stitches but continue brushing other areas with a soft toothbrush. After 24 hours, gentle rinsing with warm salt water helps keep the area clean.
Dietary considerations are also important. Consume soft foods like yogurt, applesauce, or mashed potatoes, avoiding crunchy, hard, or overly hot foods that could dislodge stitches or irritate the wound. Avoid habits like smoking or using straws, as suction can dislodge the blood clot and stitches, potentially leading to dry socket.
When to Seek Professional Dental Advice
While some discomfort and swelling are normal after a tooth extraction, certain signs warrant contacting a dental professional. Seek advice for excessive bleeding that does not subside with pressure or if bleeding resumes. Severe or worsening pain not managed by prescribed medication is also a concern.
Signs of a possible infection, such as fever, pus or discharge from the extraction site, increased swelling, or a foul taste or odor, require immediate attention. If non-dissolvable stitches come out too early, or if any stitches cause significant irritation or discomfort, contact the dentist.