Teething marks a significant developmental phase for infants, signaling the arrival of their first teeth. This natural process involves teeth breaking through the gums, which can sometimes cause discomfort for babies. Understanding this transition helps parents support their child through this common experience.
The Teething Timeline
The teething process is a gradual journey spanning several years, from the eruption of the first tooth until a child has a full set of primary teeth. Individual tooth eruptions are shorter, with symptoms often preceding the tooth’s visible appearance. Most babies begin teething around 6 months of age, though some may start as early as 3 months or as late as 12 months.
The first teeth to emerge are the lower central incisors, the two front teeth at the bottom, appearing between 6 to 10 months. These are followed by the upper central incisors, erupting around 8 to 12 months. The lateral incisors, located on either side of the central incisors, emerge between 9 to 16 months.
The primary molars, back teeth used for grinding food, appear next, between 10 to 19 months. The canine teeth, sometimes called eyeteeth, surface between 16 to 22 months. The final primary teeth to emerge are the second molars, appearing between 23 to 33 months. By 2.5 to 3 years old, children have all 20 of their primary teeth.
Recognizing Symptoms and Providing Comfort
Parents may observe several common signs of teething discomfort. Increased drooling is common, often accompanied by a desire to chew on objects, hands, or fists. Gums around erupting teeth may appear red, swollen, and tender. Babies may also exhibit fussiness, irritability, difficulty sleeping, or a slight loss of appetite.
To soothe a teething baby, gentle gum massage can provide relief. Parents can use a clean finger, a cool spoon, or a moist gauze pad to rub the baby’s gums. Offering safe objects to chew on, such as firm rubber teething rings, can also help. These rings can be chilled in the refrigerator, but not frozen, as extreme cold can harm the baby’s gums.
For babies who have started eating solid foods, cool, soft foods like yogurt, bananas, or chilled fruit in a mesh feeder can offer additional comfort. It is important to avoid placing sugary substances on teething items to prevent tooth decay. If discomfort persists, age-appropriate pain relievers like acetaminophen or ibuprofen (for babies older than 6 months) may be considered after consulting a healthcare professional.