An endoscopy is a medical procedure that uses a long, flexible tube equipped with a camera to visually examine the inside of a hollow organ or body cavity, most commonly the gastrointestinal tract. During the examination, a biopsy is often performed by removing a small tissue sample for laboratory analysis. Experiencing mild, temporary discomfort after an endoscopy, especially when a biopsy has been taken, is normal. This post-procedure soreness is a common side effect as the body recovers from the minor irritation.
Sources of Post-Procedure Discomfort
The most common source of immediate discomfort following an upper endoscopy is irritation of the throat and esophagus from the passing of the scope. Even with a local anesthetic spray, the physical presence of the endoscope can cause a temporary, scratchy sensation or soreness in the pharynx. This irritation is a direct result of the tube traversing the upper digestive tract.
Another frequent cause of discomfort is insufflation, the process of pumping air or carbon dioxide into the digestive tract to expand it. This expansion provides the doctor with a clearer view of the internal lining. Residual gas can lead to feelings of bloating, pressure, or a dull, gassy pain in the abdomen or chest. The soreness specifically related to the biopsy is localized to the site where the small tissue sample was taken, resulting in a slight ache or tenderness.
Expected Duration of Pain
Immediate post-procedure discomfort, such as a sore throat or scratchy feeling, typically resolves quickly. This irritation from the scope insertion usually dissipates within 12 to 24 hours, with many patients reporting relief by the morning after the procedure. The soreness is mild and rarely interferes with eating soft foods once the throat’s numbness wears off.
Discomfort from the insufflated gas or bloating is also temporary, as the body begins to absorb and pass the air. Most gassy pressure and fullness resolves within a few hours of the procedure. Any minor residual bloating generally subsides completely by the evening of the endoscopy.
The soreness directly related to the biopsy site is a slightly longer-lasting discomfort, but it remains mild. This localized ache usually lasts no more than one to three days. Increasing or severe pain after the first 24 hours is considered atypical, as the minor wound from the tissue removal heals quickly.
Strategies for Pain Relief
For a sore throat, simple home care strategies provide effective relief from the irritation caused by the scope. Sipping cool liquids or sucking on throat lozenges can soothe the lining of the throat and ease the scratchy feeling. Consuming soft, bland foods, like yogurt or mashed potatoes, for the first day or two prevents unnecessary irritation.
To manage discomfort from gas and bloating, gentle movement is the most effective method. Walking around encourages the residual air to pass through the digestive system. Avoiding carbonated beverages for the remainder of the day is also recommended, as these introduce more gas into the tract.
For general aches and minor pain, Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is a safe and appropriate over-the-counter option. However, it is important to avoid Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), such as Ibuprofen or Naprosyn, unless specifically approved by your physician. These pain relievers increase the risk of bleeding at the biopsy site and should be avoided for up to one week following the procedure.
When to Contact Your Doctor
While mild pain and soreness are expected, certain symptoms require immediate contact with your doctor or emergency medical services.
- Severe or sharp abdominal pain that worsens over time, rather than improving.
- Persistent vomiting, especially if you cannot keep fluids down.
- A temperature of 101°F or higher, or the presence of chills, indicating a potential infection.
- Any signs of internal bleeding, such as passing black, tarry, or bloody stools, or vomiting blood.
- A sudden onset of chest pain or difficulty swallowing that does not resolve.