Oral gels are topical medications applied to the lining of the mouth. They are commonly used to provide temporary relief from various oral discomforts, such as pain, soreness, or irritation. This article explores how long the effects of these gels typically last and factors influencing their duration.
How Oral Gels Work and Their Common Uses
Oral gels work differently based on their active ingredients. Many common oral gels contain local anesthetics like benzocaine or lidocaine, which temporarily block nerve signals, numbing pain. Other gels may contain soothing agents that form a protective barrier over irritated tissues, reducing discomfort. These gels are frequently used for a range of oral conditions, including toothaches, canker sores, gum irritation, minor dental procedure discomfort, and denture sores.
Factors Affecting Duration
Several factors influence how long an oral gel’s effects last. The specific active ingredient and its concentration play a significant role. The area of application is also important, as mucous membranes in the mouth absorb substances differently than skin. Saliva production, for example, can dilute and wash away the gel, reducing its contact time and effectiveness. Activities like eating, drinking, or speaking after application can shorten its duration.
General Duration and Reapplication Guidelines
The duration of oral gel effects varies based on the type of active ingredient. Benzocaine gels typically provide temporary relief lasting 5 to 15 minutes, though some residual numbing might persist for several hours. These gels are generally recommended up to four times daily, with at least two hours between applications, and not for more than seven days.
Lidocaine-based gels often provide numbing effects that can last between 30 to 60 minutes. Viscous lidocaine formulations may offer pain relief for at least three hours per dose. Reapplication for lidocaine gels is typically advised every three hours, with a maximum number of doses per 24 hours depending on the specific product. Soothing gels that create a protective barrier can sometimes provide longer relief, with some products lasting up to seven hours. Always refer to the specific product instructions for reapplication guidelines and use the smallest effective amount to manage symptoms.
Important Safety Considerations
Using oral gels requires careful attention to safety, especially regarding overuse and specific ingredients. Overuse of these products can lead to serious side effects. A rare but severe blood condition called methemoglobinemia is a risk, especially with benzocaine-containing gels, where the blood’s ability to carry oxygen is reduced. Symptoms of this condition, such as pale, gray, or blue-colored skin, shortness of breath, and fatigue, can appear within minutes to two hours of application.
Regulatory bodies, like the FDA, advise against the use of benzocaine and lidocaine gels for teething pain in infants and children under two years old due to the risk of methemoglobinemia and accidental overdose. These gels can quickly wash out of a baby’s mouth and be swallowed, increasing the risk of systemic absorption. If oral discomfort persists or worsens, consulting a healthcare professional is advisable.