Nystatin is an antifungal medication used to treat various yeast and fungal infections, including those affecting the skin, mouth, and digestive tract like oral thrush. It works by disrupting the cell structure of fungi, eliminating the infection. Nystatin’s effectiveness depends on its chemical stability and proper handling.
Duration After Opening
Nystatin’s stability after opening varies by formulation and manufacturer guidelines. Oral suspensions may remain effective for up to three months when stored below 25°C. However, some oral suspensions, particularly those without preservatives, can have shorter shelf lives, from 14 to 90 days. Certain aqueous suspensions can even lose activity within a few days if not properly kept.
Topical formulations, such as creams and ointments, are generally more stable once opened, often remaining effective until their printed expiration date. However, their long-term effectiveness can still be influenced by exposure to environmental factors. Nystatin powder, sometimes used for compounding, typically degrades within 90 days after opening. Always consult the specific product’s packaging or patient information leaflet for precise instructions, or ask a pharmacist.
Proper Storage Practices
Proper storage is crucial for maintaining Nystatin’s effectiveness after opening. Most Nystatin formulations, including oral suspensions, creams, and powders, should be stored in a closed container at room temperature, typically between 20°C and 25°C (68°F to 77°F). Shield the medication from excessive heat, direct light, and moisture, as these elements can accelerate the decomposition of the active ingredients.
Freezing Nystatin is generally not recommended, especially for liquid formulations like oral suspensions and creams, as it can compromise their stability and effectiveness. Keep the container tightly closed to prevent contamination and minimize exposure to air and humidity. Nystatin is sensitive to atmospheric oxygen, and aqueous suspensions can rapidly lose activity upon exposure. Following these guidelines helps preserve the medication’s intended strength and consistency.
Indications of Degradation
Changes in Nystatin can indicate degradation and compromised effectiveness. A primary indicator is color change. Brown discoloration in ointment and powder suggests chemical decomposition. Suspensions might turn yellow as they lose potency.
If any such changes are observed, discontinue use. Degraded Nystatin may result in a reduced therapeutic effect, meaning the infection might not be treated effectively. Altered medications could also cause adverse reactions. If uncertain about its appearance or quality, consult a healthcare provider or pharmacist.
Safe Disposal Methods
Proper disposal of expired or unused Nystatin protects the environment and public safety. Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them down a drain, as this contaminates water supplies. Instead, use community drug take-back programs or pharmacies with disposal services.
If a drug take-back program is unavailable, Nystatin can be safely disposed of in household trash. Remove the medication from its container and mix it with an undesirable substance like coffee grounds, dirt, or cat litter. Place this mixture in a sealed plastic bag or leak-proof container before discarding. Always scratch out personal information on the prescription label to protect your privacy.