Stenosing tenosynovitis, commonly known as trigger finger, is a condition where a finger or thumb catches or locks when bent due to an obstruction in the smooth gliding of the tendon. This occurs because the A1 pulley, a ring-like structure that holds the flexor tendon close to the bone, becomes too thick or constricted. When non-surgical treatments like splinting or steroid injections fail to relieve the symptoms, a surgical procedure called trigger finger release is often recommended. This procedure is typically performed as a straightforward, high-success-rate outpatient surgery, with the goal of opening the constricted pulley to allow the tendon to move freely again. Recovery begins immediately after the operation.
The First Week After Surgery
The initial phase of recovery focuses on managing localized pain, swelling, and protecting the small surgical incision in the palm. Patients are usually discharged on the same day, with the hand bandaged. The immediate goal is keeping the surgical site clean and dry. Pain and discomfort are common in the first few days, which can be managed effectively with prescribed or over-the-counter anti-inflammatories. Elevating the hand above heart level frequently helps reduce swelling and throbbing sensations.
Gentle, active movement of the fingers is highly encouraged right away to prevent stiffness and promote tendon gliding. This early mobilization is important for preventing the flexor tendon from developing adhesions, which are internal scar tissues that could restrict future motion. Activity must be limited; the operated hand should not be used for heavy gripping, pushing, or lifting objects heavier than one or two pounds. The dressing should remain intact until the surgeon advises its removal, typically within a few days, and any signs of infection should be reported promptly.
Regaining Function
The next stage of recovery, generally covering weeks two through six, centers on restoring the hand’s practical function and mobility. Stitches or sutures are usually removed at a follow-up appointment between 10 to 14 days after the procedure. Once the incision is fully closed, the focus shifts to deliberate range-of-motion exercises, which may be self-directed or involve a hand therapist. Simple exercises, like repeatedly making a full fist and then straightening the fingers, help restore the natural, fluid motion of the tendon.
Patients begin to reintroduce light daily tasks, such as typing, driving, and performing light household chores. Many people feel comfortable enough to return to office-based or light-duty work within one to two weeks. A common experience during this phase is scar sensitivity, where the incision site feels tender or overly sensitive to touch. Massaging the scar firmly with lotion several times a day, once the wound is healed, helps soften the forming scar tissue, reduce this sensitivity, and prevent restrictive adhesions.
Complete Recovery and Long-Term Outlook
While basic function returns relatively quickly, achieving complete recovery and full strength can take longer, typically spanning three to six months following the operation. The timeline for returning to activities that require forceful gripping, heavy lifting, or manual labor is usually around four to six weeks, once the wound is fully healed and strength begins to return. This extended period allows the repaired tissues to fully mature and withstand significant stress.
Some residual symptoms may persist for several months, including mild stiffness in the finger and tenderness around the incision site in the palm. This soreness gradually diminishes as the body’s healing process continues. The long-term outlook for trigger finger release is excellent, with success rates often exceeding 90%, and the procedure is considered a permanent solution. The catching and locking sensation that defined the condition is almost always eliminated immediately.