A mammogram is a specialized X-ray imaging procedure used to examine breast tissue. It plays a significant role in identifying breast changes, often before they can be felt. Regular mammograms are an important component of breast health, allowing for early detection and timely intervention, which can improve outcomes.
The Typical Timeline
After a mammogram, results are typically received within a few days to two weeks. A radiologist, a medical doctor specializing in interpreting medical images, reviews the images. Once interpreted, results are sent to both the patient and their healthcare provider. While image review can be quick, additional time is needed for dictation, processing, and delivery of the official report. Facility protocols also influence the exact timing of result delivery.
Factors Influencing the Wait
The duration to receive mammogram results varies due to several factors. The type of facility, such as a hospital versus a smaller imaging center, influences turnaround times. Some facilities offer expedited results, sometimes on the same day, especially if the appointment is early or previous images are readily available for comparison.
The availability and workload of radiologists are important considerations. Their capacity to interpret detailed images affects how quickly reports are finalized. Comparing current mammogram images with previous ones is a crucial step in detecting subtle changes. If prior mammograms were taken at a different facility and need to be requested, this can introduce delays.
The type of mammogram also influences wait time. Screening mammograms, routine checks for individuals without symptoms, often have results mailed or sent online within days to weeks. In contrast, diagnostic mammograms, performed for specific breast symptoms or an abnormal screening finding, frequently provide same-day results because the radiologist reviews images while the patient is present. If initial images are unclear or require closer examination, additional analysis or a second opinion may extend the waiting period.
Understanding Your Results and Next Steps
Mammogram results are typically delivered via postal mail, secure online patient portals, or a phone call from the facility or your healthcare provider. Some providers contact patients only if an abnormality is detected, while others send results regardless of the findings. If you do not receive your results within the expected timeframe (generally two weeks to a month), contact your healthcare provider or the imaging facility for an update.
Results generally fall into two categories. A “normal” or “negative” result indicates no concerning issues were found, meaning you should continue your routine screening schedule.
An “abnormal” or “positive” result, often called a “callback,” means an area needs further evaluation. It is important to understand that an abnormal mammogram does not automatically signify breast cancer. Reasons for a callback include unclear images, dense breast tissue, or suspicious areas like masses or calcifications. Approximately 10% of screening mammograms lead to a callback, but most additional tests confirm the finding is benign, with less than 1 in 10 callbacks ultimately resulting in a cancer diagnosis.
If you receive an abnormal result, the next steps involve additional imaging tests for a clearer understanding. These may include a diagnostic mammogram for more detailed images, or a breast ultrasound to distinguish between fluid-filled cysts and solid masses, especially helpful for dense breast tissue. A breast MRI may be recommended for a comprehensive view, particularly for high-risk individuals or when other imaging is inconclusive.
If a suspicious area persists, a biopsy (taking a tissue sample for analysis) may be necessary to determine if cancer is present. Most biopsies performed after an abnormal mammogram do not reveal cancer. Healthcare providers use the BI-RADS system to classify findings and guide subsequent steps.