A Dilation and Curettage (D&C) is a medical procedure involving the widening of the cervix and the removal of tissue from the uterine lining. This procedure serves various purposes, such as addressing excessive or abnormal uterine bleeding, diagnosing conditions like cancer, or removing tissue after a miscarriage or childbirth to prevent infection or heavy bleeding. Understanding the typical recovery process, particularly the return of menstruation, is a common concern.
Typical Timeline for Period Return
Following a D&C, the body undergoes a hormonal reset and the uterine lining begins to regrow, preparing for the return of a menstrual period. The first period typically resumes within four to six weeks after the procedure. The first period after a D&C often differs from previous cycles, potentially being heavier or lighter, with more clotting, or shorter or longer in duration. While some individuals may return to their regular cycle within two months, others might find their cycles remain unpredictable for a while.
Factors Influencing Period Return
Several factors can influence the exact timing of when menstruation resumes after a D&C. The reason for the D&C is a significant factor; for example, a D&C performed after a miscarriage might have a different timeline for period return compared to one done for diagnostic purposes. The stage of pregnancy, if applicable, also plays a role in how quickly hormone levels return to normal. Earlier miscarriages generally lead to a faster drop in pregnancy hormones like human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), which can result in an earlier return of menstruation, while later miscarriages may mean it takes longer for these hormone levels to normalize, delaying the return of a period. Pre-existing menstrual cycle regularity also affects the timeline; those with irregular periods before the procedure may continue to experience irregularity.
Other Physical Changes to Expect
In the days and weeks following a D&C, individuals can expect several physical changes as the body recovers. Light bleeding or spotting is common and can last for a few days to several weeks. This bleeding may lighten over time, but it can become heavier with increased activity. Mild cramping or discomfort, similar to menstrual cramps, is common after the procedure. Vaginal discharge may be present, and breast tenderness can occur, particularly if the D&C was performed after a miscarriage, as hormone levels adjust. Emotional changes are also normal during this time.
When to Seek Medical Attention
While recovery from a D&C is typically straightforward, certain signs and symptoms warrant immediate medical attention. Heavy bleeding, defined as soaking one or more sanitary pads per hour or passing large blood clots, requires urgent medical consultation. Severe or worsening pain that is not alleviated by pain medication should also be reported to a healthcare provider. A fever or chills, alongside foul-smelling vaginal discharge, are potential signs of infection and require prompt evaluation. If a period has not returned eight weeks or more after the D&C, or if any other concerning symptoms arise, medical advice should be sought.