Molars are broad, flat teeth at the back of the mouth that chew and grind food into smaller pieces. Knowing their emergence timeline helps parents anticipate developmental stages and discomfort.
Primary Molars Eruption
A child’s first set of molars, primary or “baby” molars, emerge during early childhood. The first primary molars typically appear between 13 and 19 months of age, with four teeth developing (two in each jaw). The second primary molars usually erupt later, generally between 25 and 33 months.
These age ranges are averages, and individual variations in timing are common. The overall sequence generally remains consistent, even with slight variations. By approximately three years of age, most children will have all their primary teeth, including these molars.
Permanent Molars Eruption
As children grow, their primary molars are eventually replaced by permanent molars, and additional molars emerge further back. The first permanent molars typically erupt between 6 and 7 years of age, positioned behind the last primary teeth. These four molars do not replace any baby teeth and are important for establishing the adult bite.
Later, the second permanent molars generally emerge between 11 and 13 years old. Finally, the third molars, wisdom teeth, typically appear much later, usually between 17 and 25 years of age. Eruption can vary significantly.
Supporting Your Child During Molar Eruption
Molar eruption can cause discomfort due to gum pressure. Common symptoms include increased drooling, fussiness, irritability, and a desire to chew on objects. Gums around the erupting tooth may also appear red, swollen, and tender. Some children might experience a low-grade temperature, though a high fever or diarrhea are not typical symptoms of teething alone and warrant medical consultation.
To provide comfort, parents can offer chilled (not frozen) teething rings or a cool, wet washcloth for chewing. Gently massaging the gums with a clean finger can also help alleviate pressure and soreness. For persistent discomfort, age-appropriate over-the-counter pain relievers like acetaminophen or ibuprofen can be administered. Soft, cool foods like yogurt or applesauce may also be appealing and soothing.
Consult a dentist or pediatrician if symptoms are severe, prolonged, or accompanied by concerning signs. High fever, severe diarrhea, vomiting, or signs of infection like pus around the gums are not typically associated with teething and require professional evaluation. Scheduling a child’s first dental visit by their first birthday or within six months of their first tooth emerging is recommended to monitor oral health and development.