Cortisone injections are a common medical treatment used to reduce inflammation and pain in various conditions, such as osteoarthritis, tendonitis, and bursitis. These injections deliver corticosteroids directly to the affected area, aiming to provide targeted relief. However, some patients may experience a temporary side effect known as a “cortisone flare” after receiving the injection. This reaction is a brief, localized increase in discomfort before the medication’s full benefits become apparent.
Defining and Duration of a Cortisone Flare
A cortisone flare, also referred to as a “steroid flare,” is a temporary increase in pain or inflammation at the injection site following a cortisone shot. This reaction occurs because the corticosteroids in the injection are formulated as slow-release crystals, which can temporarily irritate the surrounding tissues before they fully dissolve and begin to reduce inflammation.
The onset of a cortisone flare typically occurs within hours to 48 hours after the injection. Most cortisone flares resolve within 24 to 72 hours, though some sources indicate they can last up to five days. This temporary reaction is considered self-limiting, meaning it will subside on its own as the corticosteroid begins to take effect and provide the intended pain relief.
Recognizing and Understanding the Flare
Patients experiencing a cortisone flare might notice an increase in pain, swelling, warmth, and redness at the injection site. The purpose of the cortisone injection is to reduce inflammation, yet the flare represents a transient inflammatory response by the body. It is important to understand that this temporary increase in symptoms does not indicate a failure of the injection but rather a physiological reaction before the medication’s anti-inflammatory properties fully manifest.
Coping and When to Consult a Doctor
Managing a cortisone flare at home often involves simple measures to alleviate discomfort. Applying ice packs to the injection site for 15 to 20 minutes at a time can help reduce inflammation and pain. Resting the affected area and avoiding strenuous activity for a day or two after the injection can also contribute to recovery. Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, may be used to manage pain if cleared by a healthcare provider.
While a cortisone flare is typically a temporary and harmless reaction, there are specific circumstances when medical attention should be sought. Consult a doctor if symptoms worsen significantly, if the pain or swelling lasts longer than the typical 72 hours to five days, or if new, severe symptoms develop. Signs of infection, such as fever, persistent redness, warmth, increasing pain, or pus coming from the injection site, warrant immediate medical evaluation.