A carotid ultrasound is a non-invasive imaging test that uses high-frequency sound waves to create pictures of the two large arteries in the neck that supply blood to the brain. The procedure assesses blood flow and checks for narrowing or blockages caused by plaque buildup. It utilizes Doppler technology to measure the speed and direction of blood moving through the vessels, helping providers determine a person’s risk for a stroke.
Standard Timeframe for the Scan
The actual time spent on the examination table for a standard, bilateral carotid ultrasound typically ranges from 30 to 45 minutes. A sonographer, the trained technologist who conducts the test, performs the scan by applying a warm, water-soluble gel to the skin of the neck over the carotid arteries. This gel helps transmit the sound waves from the transducer into the body.
The sonographer then gently moves the handheld transducer device along the neck to capture images of both the left and right carotid arteries. During this process, the technologist focuses on capturing two-dimensional images of the artery structure and Doppler measurements of blood flow velocity. The sound waves bounce off the blood cells and artery walls, which a computer translates into visual data for the physician to review.
The process involves obtaining multiple images and flow measurements at various points along the common, internal, and external carotid arteries on both sides of the neck. Although the procedure is painless, patients may feel slight pressure as the sonographer manipulates the transducer to get clear views.
Factors Influencing Duration
The time required to complete the scan can deviate from the standard timeframe based on several factors.
Scope of Examination
The scope of the examination is a major factor. A unilateral scan focusing on only one carotid artery takes less time than the standard bilateral scan of both arteries. Most diagnostic carotid ultrasounds are performed bilaterally to provide a complete picture of the patient’s vascular health.
Disease Complexity
The complexity of any disease found extends the duration of the scan. If the technologist detects extensive plaque or significant narrowing (stenosis), they must spend more time taking detailed measurements and images of the blockage. Severe blockages require more velocity readings and angle corrections to accurately grade the obstruction.
Technical Challenges
Patient anatomy can introduce technical challenges that prolong the process. Deeply positioned arteries or the presence of calcification can interfere with sound wave transmission, making it difficult to obtain clear images. A patient’s ability to remain still and cooperate with instructions also affects the speed of data collection.
Preparing for and Completing the Full Appointment
While the imaging procedure is relatively quick, the total appointment time is significantly longer than the scan time alone. The full appointment typically requires a time block of 60 to 90 minutes to account for all logistical steps, from check-in to discharge.
Pre-Scan Procedures
The process begins with initial administrative tasks upon arrival, such as patient registration, insurance verification, and completing necessary paperwork. Once these steps are finished, a waiting period may occur before the sonographer is ready to begin the examination. The patient is then taken to the exam room, where time is allocated for preparation. This preparation may include changing into a gown or positioning the body comfortably on the examination table, ensuring the technologist has clear access to the neck area.
Post-Scan Procedures
After the imaging is complete, the patient must clean the ultrasound gel from their neck and dress. This is followed by a potential waiting period for a preliminary review of the images. In some clinics, a physician or the technologist may briefly consult with the patient immediately afterward, discussing next steps or providing initial findings. This entire sequence of events determines the total time a patient spends at the facility.