A burst blood vessel in the eye, medically termed a subconjunctival hemorrhage, occurs when tiny blood vessels just beneath the clear surface of the eye, known as the conjunctiva, rupture. This rupture allows blood to leak and become trapped between the conjunctiva and the white part of the eye (sclera), creating a distinct red spot. While its appearance can be alarming, a subconjunctival hemorrhage is a common and typically harmless condition. It generally causes no pain or vision changes, often going unnoticed until observed in a mirror.
Typical Healing Timeframe
A subconjunctival hemorrhage typically resolves on its own within one to two weeks. The duration can vary depending on the size of the hemorrhage; larger areas of bleeding may take slightly longer to clear, sometimes extending to two or three weeks. The body naturally reabsorbs the leaked blood, and no specific treatment is usually required to speed up this process. Some individuals might experience a mild scratchy sensation or a feeling of something in the eye. This minor irritation does not indicate a more serious problem and often subsides as the hemorrhage begins to fade.
The Healing Process
As a subconjunctival hemorrhage heals, the bright red patch on the eye undergoes a progression of color changes, similar to a bruise on the skin. Initially, the spot is bright red, reflecting fresh blood. Over several days, the blood begins to break down and is absorbed by the body, causing the color to shift. The red may transition to a darker red or brown, then to shades of orange or yellow, before completely disappearing. The white of the eye may take on a yellowish tint during the final stages of healing, indicating that the blood is almost fully absorbed.
When to Seek Medical Advice
While most subconjunctival hemorrhages are harmless and resolve without intervention, there are specific situations that warrant medical attention. If the hemorrhage is accompanied by eye pain beyond mild irritation, changes in vision, or discharge from the eye, it is important to consult a healthcare provider. These symptoms could indicate a more serious underlying condition unrelated to a simple burst blood vessel.
Medical evaluation is also advised if the subconjunctival hemorrhage recurs frequently or affects both eyes simultaneously. Additionally, if the hemorrhage appears after significant trauma to the eye or head, or if it doesn’t clear up within the typical two to three-week timeframe, seeking professional medical advice is recommended. A healthcare provider can assess for underlying issues such as high blood pressure, bleeding disorders, or other systemic conditions that might contribute to recurrent episodes.